Mechanisms of Tooth Eruption and Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Wise, Gary E.; King, Gregory J.

doi:10.1177/154405910808700509

Cited by 494 publications

(456 citation statements)

References 255 publications

(299 reference statements)

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“…22 Our results confirm the classical knowledge that when an orthodontic force is applied, tooth movement occurs in the direction of the force, by narrowing the PDL at the site of compression, with subsequent resorption of the alveolar bone. A widened PDL on the tension side indicates some kind of bone apposition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

An In Vivo 3D Micro-CT Evaluation of Tooth Movement After the Application of Different Force Magnitudes in Rat Molar

Gonzales

Hotokezaka

Arai

et al. 2009

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective:To investigate the precise longitudinal change in the periodontal ligament (PDL) space width and three-dimensional tooth movement with continuous-force magnitudes in living rats. Materials and Methods: Using nickel-titanium closed-coil springs for 28 days, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-g mesial force was applied to the maxillary left first molars. Micro-CT was taken in the same rat at 0, 1, 2, 3, 10, 14, and 28 days. The width of the PDL was measured in the pressure and tension sides from 0 to 3 days. Angular and linear measurements were used to evaluate molar position at day 0, 10, 14, and 28. The finite element model (FEM) was constructed to evaluate the initial stress distribution, molar displacement, and center of rotation of the molar. Results: The initial evaluation of PDL width showed no statistical differences among different force magnitudes. Tooth movement was registered 1 hour after force application and gradually increased with time. From day 10, greater tooth movement was observed when 10 g of force was applied. The FEM showed that the center of rotation in the molar is located in the center of five roots at the apical third of the molar roots. Conclusion: The rat's molar movement mainly consists of mesial tipping, extrusion of distal roots, intrusion of mesial root, palatal inclination, and mesial rotation. Although the initial tooth movement after the application of different force magnitudes until day 3 was not remarkably different, 10 g of force produced more tooth movement compared with heavier forces at day 28. (Angle Orthod. 2009;79:703-714.)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

An In Vivo 3D Micro-CT Evaluation of Tooth Movement After the Application of Different Force Magnitudes in Rat Molar

Gonzales

Hotokezaka

Arai

et al. 2009

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…1C). All teeth display more intense resorption on the distal root side because of the compressive stress of subsequent teeth (15) (Fig. 2 A and B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous dental replacement in a hyper-chisel tooth digging rodent

Rodrigues

Marangoni

Šumbera

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Contrary to their reptilian ancestors, which had numerous dental generations, mammals are known to usually develop only two generations of teeth. However, a few mammal species have acquired the ability to continuously replace their dentition by the constant addition of supernumerary teeth moving secondarily toward the front of the jaw. The resulting treadmill-like replacement is thus horizontal, and differs completely from the vertical dental succession of other mammals and their extinct relatives. Despite the developmental implications and prospects regarding the origin of supernumerary teeth, this striking innovation remains poorly documented. Here we report another case of continuous dental replacement in an African rodent, Heliophobius argenteocinereus , which combines this dental system with the progressive eruption of high-crowned teeth. The escalator-like mechanism of Heliophobius constitutes an original adaptation to hyper-chisel tooth digging involving high dental wear. Comparisons between Heliophobius and the few mammals that convergently acquired continuous dental replacement reveal that shared inherited traits, including dental mesial drift, delayed eruption, and supernumerary molars, comprise essential prerequisites to setting up this dental mechanism. Interestingly, these dental traits are present to a lesser extent in humans but are absent in mouse, the usual biological model. Consequently, Heliophobius represents a suitable model to investigate the molecular processes leading to the development of supernumerary teeth in mammals, and the accurate description of these processes could be a significant advance for further applications in humans, such as the regeneration of dental tissues.

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“…a common guideline for explaining the therapeutic mechanisms of acupuncture and moxibustion in traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine [17]. Cell viability refers to the physiological status and functions of the cell.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain Stimulations with Different Intensities on Fibroblast Viability and Protein Expression

et al. 2017

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BackgroundMechanical stimulation via acupuncture and tuina massage triggers various cell responses. This study aims to understand these cellular bio-physical mechanisms by investigating the effect of different stimulation intensities on cell viability and protein expression.MethodologyConnective tissue fibroblasts were cultured in vitro. Three varying intensities of mechanical strain stimulation were applied to the cells, either once or three times and compared with non-stimulated controls. Changes in fibroblast viability and fibroblast protein expression were observed.ResultsStrain stimulation intensity significantly increased fibroblast cell survival rate (p<0.01) to effectively improve cell viability. Moreover, the combined influence of both the strain stimulation intensity and number of stimulations on the fibroblast survival rate significantly differed (p<0.05). Strain intensity also significantly altered fibroblast protein expression between the three groups (p<0.0001). Cluster analysis showed that the medium-intensity strain stimulation posed the maximum influence on protein expression.ConclusionThe difference in cell viability and protein expression of the connective tissue fibroblast during the in vitro strain process reveals the cytobiological mechanism of basic medicinal mechanical stimulation.

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Mechanisms of Tooth Eruption and Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Cited by 494 publications

References 255 publications

An In Vivo 3D Micro-CT Evaluation of Tooth Movement After the Application of Different Force Magnitudes in Rat Molar

An In Vivo 3D Micro-CT Evaluation of Tooth Movement After the Application of Different Force Magnitudes in Rat Molar

Continuous dental replacement in a hyper-chisel tooth digging rodent

Strain Stimulations with Different Intensities on Fibroblast Viability and Protein Expression

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