Mechanisms Underlying the Regulation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity by Vitamin D

Wei, Ran; Christakos, Sylvia

doi:10.3390/nu7105392

Cited by 254 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

194

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…First, vitamin D acts as a potent inhibitor in either innate or adaptive immune response via activation of VDR 46. VDR is expressed in various types of inflammatory and structural cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between vitamin D and COPD risk, severity, and exacerbation: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2016

COPD

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIn recent years, the pleiotropic roles of vitamin D have been highlighted in various diseases. However, the association between serum vitamin D and COPD is not well studied. This updated systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin D and the risk, severity, and exacerbation of COPD.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and Weipu databases. The pooled risk estimates were standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for vitamin D levels and odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI for vitamin D deficiency. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed on latitude, body mass index, and assay method.ResultsA total of 21 studies, including 4,818 COPD patients and 7,175 controls, were included. Meta-analysis showed that lower serum vitamin D levels were found in COPD patients than in controls (SMD: −0.69, 95% CI: −1.00, −0.38, P<0.001), especially in severe COPD (SMD: −0.87, 95% CI: −1.51, −0.22, P=0.001) and COPD exacerbation (SMD: −0.43, 95% CI: −0.70, −0.15, P=0.002). Vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased risk of COPD (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.64, P=0.006) and with COPD severity (OR: 2.83, 95% CI: 2.00, 4.00, P<0.001) but not with COPD exacerbation (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.86, 1.59, P=0.326). Assay methods had significant influence on the heterogeneity of vitamin D deficiency and COPD risk.ConclusionSerum vitamin D levels were inversely associated with COPD risk, severity, and exacerbation. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk of COPD and severe COPD but not with COPD exacerbation. It is worth considering assay methods in the heterogeneity sources analysis of association between vitamin D deficiency and COPD.

show abstract

“…First, vitamin D acts as a potent inhibitor in either innate or adaptive immune response via activation of VDR 46. VDR is expressed in various types of inflammatory and structural cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between vitamin D and COPD risk, severity, and exacerbation: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2016

COPD

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This result can be explained by that vitamin-D plays a role in the defense against infection but once infection has taken place, other factors determine its course and whether it will resolve or not. Vitamin D has distinct effects on the innate and adaptive immune responses and thus may explain different roles in pathogen-specific infection severity [40]. Given the complexity of interaction of vitamin-D with the immune system and inflammatory cascade, more research is needed to further define the specific role of vitamin D in enhancing immune function and reducing the severity of infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin-D Deficiency Predicts Infections in Young North Indian Children: A Secondary Data Analysis

Chowdhury

Taneja

Bhandari

et al. 2016

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between poor vitamin D status and respiratory infections and diarrhea among young children. Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) and diarrhea are among the two most important causes of death in under-5 children. In this analysis, we examine the extent to which vitamin-D deficiency (<10 ng/ml) predicts these outcomes using data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of daily folic acid and/ or vitamin B12 supplementation for six months in 6 to 30 months old children conducted in Delhi, India. Of the 960 subjects who had vitamin-D concentrations measured, 331(34.5%) were vitamin-D deficient. We found, after controlling for relevant potential confounders (age, sex, breastfeeding status, wasting, stunting, underweight, anemia status at base line and season), the risk of ALRI was significantly higher among vitamin-D deficient (OR 1.26; 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.55) compared to vitamin-D-replete children in the six months follow-up period. Vitamin-D status was not significantly associated with episodes of diarrhea and clinical pneumonia. The extent of causal relationship of vitamin-D status and ALRI needs to be explored in further studies.

show abstract

“…In particular, C-reactive protein (CRP) as a biomarker of chronic lowgrade inflammation (13) and biomarkers of increased production of nitrogen or reactive oxygen species have been associated with risk of colorectal cancer (14). Moreover, low circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, the accepted biomarker of vitamin D status, has been also implicated in immunity and inflammation (15,16) and has been recently established as a risk factor for colorectal cancer (17,18). Finally, iron metabolism biomarkers could also play a role in colorectal cancer development due to their proinflammatory and prooxidant activities (19,20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Mediators of the Association Between Adult Weight Gain and Colorectal Cancer: Data From the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Cohort

Aleksandrova¹,

Schlesinger²,

Fedirko³

et al. 2017

American Journal of Epidemiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evidence indicates that gaining weight in adult life is associated with an elevated risk of colorectal cancer; however, biological mechanisms that may explain this association remain unclear. We evaluated the mediation effect of 20 different biomarkers on the relationship between adult weight gain and colorectal cancer, using data from a prospective nested case-control study of 452 incident cases diagnosed between 1992 and 2003 and matched within risk sets to 452 controls within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. The proportions of mediated effects (%) were estimated on the basis of differences in percent effect changes in conditional logistic regression models with and without additional adjustment for individual biomarkers. Greater adult weight gain (≥300 g/year vs. <300 g/year) was associated with a higher risk of colon cancer (multivariableadjusted relative risk = 1.54, 95% confidence interval: 1.07, 2.24) but not rectal cancer (relative risk = 1.07, 95% confidence interval: 0.68, 1.66). This association was accounted for mostly by attained waist circumference (reduction of 61%) and by the biomarkers soluble leptin receptor (reduction of 43%) and glycated hemoglobin (reduction of 28%). These novel data suggest that the observed association between adult weight gain and colon cancer could be primarily explained by attained abdominal fatness and biomarkers of metabolic dysfunction. adiposity; adult weight gain; colorectal cancer; metabolic mediators Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; DV, dependent variable; EPIC, European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition; FRAP, ferric reducing ability of plasma; HbA1c, hemoglobin A 1c ; HMW, high-molecularweight; IV, independent variable; MV, mediating variable; ROM, reactive oxygen metabolites; sOB-R, soluble leptin receptor.A growing body of evidence has emerged consistently suggesting that high body weight gain during adulthood is associated with a greater risk of colorectal cancer. In recent meta-analyses that quantified this association, investigators reported a somewhat stronger risk for colon cancer than for rectal cancer, independent of body weight at younger ages and established colorectal cancer risk factors (1-3). While the evidence in support of this association is growing, valid questions, such as whether weight gain per se promotes colorectal cancer and what exact mechanisms may underline this association, remain unanswered.Anthropometric indicators of attained adiposity, such as body mass index (BMI), reflect both lean body mass and adipose mass, whereas weight gain in adult life is more likely a gain of body fat and thus may potentially represent age-related metabolic changes (4). A number of metabolic biomarkers have been suggested to play an important role in colon carcinogenesis, including biomarkers of hyperinsulinemia (C-peptide) (5),

show abstract

Mechanisms Underlying the Regulation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity by Vitamin D

Cited by 254 publications

References 68 publications

The association between vitamin D and COPD risk, severity, and exacerbation: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

The association between vitamin D and COPD risk, severity, and exacerbation: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Vitamin-D Deficiency Predicts Infections in Young North Indian Children: A Secondary Data Analysis

Metabolic Mediators of the Association Between Adult Weight Gain and Colorectal Cancer: Data From the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Cohort

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About