Mechanistic Details of the Spontaneous Intercalation of Li Metal into Graphite Electrodes

Hogrefe, Christin; Hein, Simon; Waldmann, Thomas; Danner, Timo; Richter, Karsten; Latz, Arnulf; Wohlfahrt‐Mehrens, Margret

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/abc8c3

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Depending on the conditions, these lithium deposits can re-intercalate in the graphite. [52][53][54][55] This reversible Li deposition usually does not lead to a large amount of capacity loss through cycling, however, it can be anyway a safety concern 48 and should be avoided when possible. The results obtained in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed Testing Plate for the Optimization of High C-Rates Cycling Performance of Lithium-Ion Cells

Carbonari

Scurtu

Waldmann

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Nowadays, long charging times have become one of the main limitations to a greater worldwide spread of electric vehicles (EV). Enabling high C-rates charging is a promising approach to eliminate this problem and alleviate range anxiety. When a battery is charged at high currents, several factors have to be taken into account. Temperature is certainly a key parameter because when it is too high this can lead to degradation of components (binder, electrolyte, active material, etc), however, when it is too low intercalation kinetics becomes sluggish. Using 3D-printed testing plates (PP3D plates) with Li-reference electrode, we developed a tool for electrochemical investigations of pouch cells. These plates enabled to build a new well-designed 3-electrode pouch cell. This setup allows the identification of the best high C-rate cycling procedure to improve the performance and cycling life of the lithium ion cells. We explored the electrochemical behavior of NMC811 cathodes and graphite anodes, during high discharge C-rates test up to 7 C and charge C-rates up to 2 C. Moreover, the temperature influence on charging performance and longtime cycling stability is investigated. The cells cycled at 25 °C using optimized procedures reached an 80% state of health after more than 1000 cycles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed Testing Plate for the Optimization of High C-Rates Cycling Performance of Lithium-Ion Cells

Carbonari

Scurtu

Waldmann

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

Self Cite

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“…may also indicate an earlier set equilibrium between lithium incorporation into the anode and its distribution within the anode. [30,31] Figure 8b shows the specific discharge capacities of the respective prelithiated pouch cells. Both prelithiation configurations show a significantly higher initial capacity and improved cycle life compared to the unprelithiated reference cells.…”

Section: Application Of Lithium Foil Via Calendering For Direct Conta...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of the Lithium Calendering Process for Direct Contact Prelithiation of Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Stumper,

Dhom,

Schlosser

et al. 2023

Energy Tech

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Lithium‐ion batteries suffer from high initial capacity losses during formation. One possible approach to compensate for these initial capacity losses is prelithiation, which is the addition of lithium into the battery cell before formation. A promising method is direct contact prelithiation using lithium foil, which requires lithium foil thicknesses below 10 μm to ensure the safe and accurate performance of the prelithiation process. However, free‐standing lithium foils are only commercially available down to a thickness of 20 μm; hence, in this present work, the calendering process of lithium is investigated in detail. An already developed process model will be adapted to provide detailed information on the deformation properties and thickness reduction of different lithium foil thicknesses. A design of experiments is used to investigate the influences of lithium foil geometry, line load, web speed, and roller temperature on the deformation behavior of lithium during calendering. Lithium foil is applied onto anodes by calendering, which are electrochemically investigated using pouch cells. The cells prelithiated by calendering show improved electrochemical performance compared to the manually prelithiated cells, increasing cycle life by 19%.

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“…The main Li transport pathways between particles take place via the electrolyte present inside the porous electrodes. [ 79 ]…”

Section: Applications To Libsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main Li transport pathways between particles take place via the electrolyte present inside the porous electrodes. [79] Visualization of the Li + -concentration distribution inside the electrolyte and electrodes is of great importance for many applications, including the design of optimal functioning porous electrodes and the optimization of efficient charging protocols. P2D-based model simulations have been extensively applied for these purposes.…”

Section: Battery Characteristics Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Electrode Modeling and its Applications to Li‐Ion Batteries

Chen

Danilov

Eichel

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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Figure 12. a-c) Schematic representation of the electrode potential at electrode/electrolyte interfaces. [145] Red areas indicate the electrode region and blue the electrolyte region. a) The Butler-Volmer approach does not consider charges at the interface. b) More detailed representation of the electrode/ electrolyte interface, considering specifically adsorbed species (green area) and screening counter charges at the surface of the electrode (dark red) and in the electrolyte (dark blue). c) Reduced electrode/electrolyte interface considering the surface charge in the electrode and screening charge in the electrolyte. d) Typical examples of impedance spectra for a porous electrode with insertion-type reactions. [151] Impedance simulations of porous graphite electrodes in contact with electrolyte with e) various particle sizes and f) electrode porosities. [152] a-c) Reproduced with permission. [145]

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Mechanistic Details of the Spontaneous Intercalation of Li Metal into Graphite Electrodes

Cited by 17 publications

References 56 publications

3D-Printed Testing Plate for the Optimization of High C-Rates Cycling Performance of Lithium-Ion Cells

3D-Printed Testing Plate for the Optimization of High C-Rates Cycling Performance of Lithium-Ion Cells

Experimental Investigation of the Lithium Calendering Process for Direct Contact Prelithiation of Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Porous Electrode Modeling and its Applications to Li‐Ion Batteries

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