Mechanistic insights into encapsulation and release of drugs in colloidal niosomal systems: biophysical aspects

Abstract

Vesicular systems such as niosomes provide an alternative to improve drug delivery systems.

Stimuli‐Responsive Miktoarm Polymer‐Based Formulations for Fisetin Delivery and Regulatory Effects in Hyperactive Human Microglia

“…Such size reductions in nanoparticles upon encapsulation of pharmaceutical agents have been reported earlier, but are not easily addressed using a simple explanation, as the size and size distribution can be affected by a variety of parameters. [73,[124][125][126] In our study, it can be speculated that it is related to how fisetin interacts with the internal hydrophobic environment that contains disulfide linkages, [127] which can cause internal rearrangement and shrinkage.…”

Black seed and rosemary nanoformulations as green insecticides for the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

“…The emulsions formed were diluted with water to avoid multiple scattering effects. The droplet radius ( R ) was measured through the Stokes–Einstein equation [Judy et al., 2021]; $$\begin{equation*}D\ = \frac{{{k_B}T}}{{3\ \pi \ R\ {{\eta}}\ }}\ \end{equation*}$$where D is the diffusion coefficient, k B is the Boltzmann's constant, T is the absolute temperature, and η is the viscosity of the medium. Spontaneous emulsification method was utilized.…”

“…Further, the surface charge carried by nanoemulsions droplets was also estimated by measuring the Zeta potential ( ζ ). The zeta potential was calculated via Smoluchowski approximation through measurement of electrophoretic mobility ( µ ) by analyzing the scattered light phase shift from particle movements as [Judy et al, 2021]; $$\begin{equation*}\mu = \varepsilon \zeta \left( {1.5} \right)/\eta \end{equation*}$$where ε is the dielectric constant and η is the absolute viscosity of the medium. Further, the thermodynamic stability was explored through different stress tests such as heating/cooling cycles and centrifugation.…”

“…The emulsions formed were diluted with water to avoid multiple scattering effects. The droplet radius (R) was measured through the Stokes-Einstein equation [Judy et al, 2021];…”

“…Further, the surface charge carried by nanoemulsions droplets was also estimated by measuring the Zeta potential (ζ). The zeta potential was calculated via Smoluchowski approximation through measurement of electrophoretic mobility (µ) by analyzing the scattered light phase shift from particle movements as [Judy et al, 2021];…”