Mechanosensation in an adipose fin

Aiello, Brett R.; Stewart, Thomas A.; Hale, Melina E.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2015.2794

Cited by 29 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The adipose fin of C. aeneus has extensive sensory innervation 33 . Therefore, we also studied the ontogeny of sensory anatomy and innervation in the adipose fin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These appendages have evolved repeatedly within teleosts 3 and are positioned on the dorsal midline between the dorsal and caudal fins. Adipose fins have been studied as models of how form and function evolves in vertebrate appendages 3, 31 - 33 and might also inform how development evolves to generate novel appendages. Descriptions of adipose fin morphogenesis are scattered throughout the literature—in taxonomies of larval fishes, staging papers for select taxa, and a study of early development of these fins 34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adipose fin development and its relation to the evolutionary origins of median fins

Stewart

Hale

2018

Preprint

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The dorsal, anal and caudal fins of vertebrates are proposed to have originated by the partitioning and transformation of the continuous median fin fold that is plesiomorphic to chordates. Evaluating this hypothesis has been challenging, because it is unclear how the median fin fold relates to the adult median fins of vertebrates. To understand how new median fins originate, here we study the development and diversity of adipose fins. Phylogenetic mapping shows that in all lineages except Characoidei (Characiformes) adipose fins develop from a domain of the larval median fin fold. To inform how the larva’s median fin fold contributes to the adipose fin, we study Corydoras aeneus (Siluriformes). As the fin fold reduces around the prospective site of the adipose fin, a fin spine develops in the fold, growing both proximally and distally, and sensory innervation, which appears to originate from the recurrent ramus of the facial nerve and from dorsal rami of the spinal cord, develops in the adipose fin membrane. Collectively, these data show how a plesiomorphic median fin fold can serve as scaffolding for the evolution and development of novel, individuated median fins, consistent with the median fin fold hypothesis.

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“…The adipose fin of C. aeneus has extensive sensory innervation 33 . Therefore, we also studied the ontogeny of sensory anatomy and innervation in the adipose fin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose fin development and its relation to the evolutionary origins of median fins

Stewart

Hale

2018

Preprint

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Section: Two Extant Orders (Polypteriformes [Bichirs and Redfishes] Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another source of disparity in ostariophysan fin configurations is the presence/absence of the adipose fin, which is usually a small, primitively non-rayed fin located medially between the dorsal and caudal fins (Aiello, Stewart, & Hale, 2016;Buckland-Nicks, Gillis, & Reimchen, 2012;Reimchen & Temple, 2004;Stewart, 2015). The adipose fin first appears among the Ostariophysi (Characiformes and Siluriformes), but it is also found in several orders of more advanced Euteleostei (Argentiniformes, Salmoniformes and Osmeriformes) and Neoteleostei (Stomiiformes, Ateleopodiformes, Aulopiformes, Myctophiformes and Percopsiformes).…”

Section: Actinopterygiimentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical appraisal of appendage disparity and homology in fishes

2019

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Fishes are both extremely diverse and morphologically disparate. Part of this disparity can be observed in the numerous possible fin configurations that may differ in terms of the number of fins as well as fin shapes, sizes and relative positions on the body. Here, we thoroughly review the major patterns of disparity in fin configurations for each major group of fishes and discuss how median and paired fin homologies have been interpreted over time. When taking into account the entire span of fish diversity, including both extant and fossil taxa, the disparity in fin morphologies greatly complicates inferring homologies for individual fins. Given the phylogenetic scope of this review, structural and topological criteria appear to be the most useful indicators of fin identity. We further suggest that it may be advantageous to consider some of these fin homologies as nested within the larger framework of homologous fin‐forming morphogenetic fields. We also discuss scenarios of appendage evolution and suggest that modularity may have played a key role in appendage disparification. Fin modules re‐expressed within the boundaries of fin‐forming fields could explain how some fins may have evolved numerous times independently in separate lineages (e.g., adipose fin), or how new fins may have evolved over time (e.g., anterior and posterior dorsal fins, pectoral and pelvic fins). We favour an evolutionary scenario whereby median appendages appeared from a unique field of competence first positioned throughout the dorsal and ventral midlines, which was then redeployed laterally leading to paired appendages.

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“…The removal of the adipose fin in salmonids is a common procedure used particularly for distinguishing between hatchery-reared and wild fishes. The adipose fin lacks musculature and skeletal structures; however, its assumed vestigial role has recently been challenged with evidence of extensive nervous tissue and mechanosensory function (Aiello et al 2016;Buckland-Nicks et al 2012;Buckland-Nicks, 2016).…”

Section: External and Internal Tagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical considerations in fish research

Sloman

Bouyoucos

Brooks

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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Fishes are used in a wide range of scientific studies, from conservation research with potential benefits to the species used to biomedical research with potential human benefits. Fish research can take place in both laboratories and field environments and methods used represent a continuum from non‐invasive observations, handling, through to experimental manipulation. While some countries have legislation or guidance regarding the use of fish in research, many do not and there exists a diversity of scientific opinions on the sentience of fish and how we determine welfare. Nevertheless, there is a growing pressure on the scientific community to take more responsibility for the animals they work with through maximising the benefits of their research to humans or animals while minimising welfare or survival costs to their study animals. In this review, we focus primarily on the refinement of common methods used in fish research based on emerging knowledge with the aim of improving the welfare of fish used in scientific studies. We consider the use of anaesthetics and analgesics and how we mark individuals for identification purposes. We highlight the main ethical concerns facing researchers in both laboratory and field environments and identify areas that need urgent future research. We hope that this review will help inform those who wish to refine their ethical practices and stimulate thought among fish researchers for further avenues of refinement. Improved ethics and welfare of fishes will inevitably lead to increased scientific rigour and is in the best interests of both fishes and scientists.

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Mechanosensation in an adipose fin

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Adipose fin development and its relation to the evolutionary origins of median fins

Adipose fin development and its relation to the evolutionary origins of median fins

A critical appraisal of appendage disparity and homology in fishes

Ethical considerations in fish research

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