Medial septum: relevance for social memory

Griguoli, Marilena; Pimpinella, Domenico

doi:10.3389/fncir.2022.965172

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Therefore, the SuM could potentially provide two independent channels by which the cerebellum could influence both spatial (via SuM projections to the dorsal dentate gyrus) and social (via SuM projections to the CA2) hippocampal functions. However, as noted above, work by DuLac’s group suggests a lack of a disynaptic fastigial to hippocampus projection ( Fujita et al, 2020 ), and the SuM may instead route its influence on the hippocampus via e.g., the septum ( Pan and McNaughton, 2004 ; Griguoli and Pimpinella, 2022 ).…”

Section: The Social Hippobellum?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The little brain and the seahorse: Cerebellar-hippocampal interactions

Froula

Hastings

Krook-Magnuson

2023

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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There is a growing appreciation for the cerebellum beyond its role in motor function and accumulating evidence that the cerebellum and hippocampus interact across a range of brain states and behaviors. Acute and chronic manipulations, simultaneous recordings, and imaging studies together indicate coordinated coactivation and a bidirectional functional connectivity relevant for various physiological functions, including spatiotemporal processing. This bidirectional functional connectivity is likely supported by multiple circuit paths. It is also important in temporal lobe epilepsy: the cerebellum is impacted by seizures and epilepsy, and modulation of cerebellar circuitry can be an effective strategy to inhibit hippocampal seizures. This review highlights some of the recent key hippobellum literature.

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Section: The Social Hippobellum?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The little brain and the seahorse: Cerebellar-hippocampal interactions

Froula

Hastings

Krook-Magnuson

2023

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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“…MS is considered to be a key brain region regulating sleep-wake state and hippocampus-dependent memory, and has become a research hotspot in the field of sleep cognition in recent years. MS contains highly interconnected neurons: cholinergic, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glutamatergic neuronal populations synchronously coordinate sleep-wake and cognitive processes (Griguoli and Pimpinella, 2022). The hippocampal CA1 region is considered to be the core region of hippocampusdependent learning and memory processing, and it mainly forms interconnections with the cerebral cortex (Uebele et al, 2009), which is the key region to determine spatial learning and memory (Yousefi et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurometabolic and structural alterations of medial septum and hippocampal CA1 in a model of post-operative sleep fragmentation in aged mice: a study combining 1H-MRS and DTI

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Post-operative sleep disturbance is a common feature of elderly surgical patients, and sleep fragmentation (SF) is closely related to post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). SF is characterized by sleep interruption, increased number of awakenings and sleep structure destruction, similar to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Research shows that sleep interruption can change neurotransmitter metabolism and structural connectivity in sleep and cognitive brain regions, of which the medial septum and hippocampal CA1 are key brain regions connecting sleep and cognitive processes. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) is a non-invasive method for the evaluation of neurometabolic abnormalities. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) realizes the observation of structural integrity and connectivity of brain regions of interest in vivo. However, it is unclear whether post-operative SF induces harmful changes in neurotransmitters and structures of the key brain regions and their contribution to POCD. In this study, we evaluated the effects of post-operative SF on neurotransmitter metabolism and structural integrity of medial septum and hippocampal CA1 in aged C57BL/6J male mice. The animals received a 24-h SF procedure after isoflurane anesthesia and right carotid artery exposure surgery. 1H-MRS results showed after post-operative SF, the glutamate (Glu)/creatine (Cr) and glutamate + glutamine (Glx)/Cr ratios increased in the medial septum and hippocampal CA1, while the NAA/Cr ratio decreased in the hippocampal CA1. DTI results showed post-operative SF decreased the fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter fibers in the hippocampal CA1, while the medial septum was not affected. Moreover, post-operative SF aggravated subsequent Y-maze and novel object recognition performances accompanied by abnormal enhancement of glutamatergic metabolism signal. This study suggests that 24-h SF induces hyperglutamate metabolism level and microstructural connectivity damage in sleep and cognitive brain regions in aged mice, which may be involved in the pathophysiological process of POCD.

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“…Neuroanatomical analysis revealed that autistic patients show smaller neurons and increased cell density in the BF as compared to age-matched healthy individuals ( 94 ). Moreover, diminished activity of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain was reported in mice ( 95 ).…”

Section: Genetic and Neural Mechanisms Of Abnormal Sleep–wake Rhythm ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and neural mechanisms of sleep disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder: a review

Zhao

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundThe incidence of sleep disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is very high. Sleep disorders can exacerbate the development of ASD and impose a heavy burden on families and society. The pathological mechanism of sleep disorders in autism is complex, but gene mutations and neural abnormalities may be involved.MethodsIn this review, we examined literature addressing the genetic and neural mechanisms of sleep disorders in children with ASD. The databases PubMed and Scopus were searched for eligible studies published between 2013 and 2023.ResultsProlonged awakenings of children with ASD may be caused by the following processes. Mutations in the MECP2, VGAT and SLC6A1 genes can decrease GABA inhibition on neurons in the locus coeruleus, leading to hyperactivity of noradrenergic neurons and prolonged awakenings in children with ASD. Mutations in the HRH1, HRH2, and HRH3 genes heighten the expression of histamine receptors in the posterior hypothalamus, potentially intensifying histamine’s ability to promote arousal. Mutations in the KCNQ3 and PCDH10 genes cause atypical modulation of amygdala impact on orexinergic neurons, potentially causing hyperexcitability of the hypothalamic orexin system. Mutations in the AHI1, ARHGEF10, UBE3A, and SLC6A3 genes affect dopamine synthesis, catabolism, and reuptake processes, which can elevate dopamine concentrations in the midbrain. Secondly, non-rapid eye movement sleep disorder is closely related to the lack of butyric acid, iron deficiency and dysfunction of the thalamic reticular nucleus induced by PTCHD1 gene alterations. Thirdly, mutations in the HTR2A, SLC6A4, MAOA, MAOB, TPH2, VMATs, SHANK3, and CADPS2 genes induce structural and functional abnormalities of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and amygdala, which may disturb REM sleep. In addition, the decrease in melatonin levels caused by ASMT, MTNR1A, and MTNR1B gene mutations, along with functional abnormalities of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, may lead to abnormal sleep–wake rhythm transitions.ConclusionOur review revealed that the functional and structural abnormalities of sleep–wake related neural circuits induced by gene mutations are strongly correlated with sleep disorders in children with ASD. Exploring the neural mechanisms of sleep disorders and the underlying genetic pathology in children with ASD is significant for further studies of therapy.

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Medial septum: relevance for social memory

Cited by 12 publications

References 70 publications

The little brain and the seahorse: Cerebellar-hippocampal interactions

The little brain and the seahorse: Cerebellar-hippocampal interactions

Neurometabolic and structural alterations of medial septum and hippocampal CA1 in a model of post-operative sleep fragmentation in aged mice: a study combining 1H-MRS and DTI

Genetic and neural mechanisms of sleep disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder: a review

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