Mediastinal hemangiomas: Spectrum of CT and MRI findings - retrospective case series study and systematic review of the literature

Cavernous mediastinal hemangioma presenting with persistent cough: a rare case report and review of literature

“…They presented 15 cases of CHM with 8 of them being asymptomatic [2]. This is consistent with a recent retrospective systematic review conducted by Li et al, when 52 percent of their studied cases were asymptomatic, discovered during routine checkups and imaging studies performed for other reasons [6]. Aside from the asymptomatic cases, clinical presentation usually correlates with the location of the tumor in the mediastinum and the compression it puts on the adjacent structures [2].…”

“…CHM's imaging finding usually indicates a round to oval-shaped mass with a well-defined border, but it can also invade adjacent organs and this renders the tumor border to be hazy to an extent that it can be confused with a malignant lesion [7,65]. The presence of phleboliths, pampiniform growth pattern and aberrant draining veins are relatively specific in diagnosing CHMs [6]. Magnetic resonance imaging can be helpful in CT suspected cases of CHM [7].…”

“…Markedly high intensity on fat suppression T2-weighted image might be a characteristic feature of CHMs [66]. Fatty components in the peripheral region of tumor is a sensitive indicator for CHM, but a central fatty component is not sensitive as it can also be seen in teratomas [6]. Table 2 demonstrates most common causes of anterior mediastinal masses in a comparative style.…”

“…While there have been reports of CH in the middle mediastinum, the majority of hemangiomas tend to present in the anterior mediastinum [3,4]. A preoperative definite diagnosis is somewhat challenging due to the rarity of CHM and its nonspecific clinical manifestation, and paraclinical findings and diagnosis are often made after total resection of the tumor, which is the mainstay of management [5,6]. Here, we intend to present a case of CHM with no symptoms other than persistent cough.…”

Posterior Mediastinal and Cutaneous Back Hemangiomas in Infants: A New Association

“…Reviewing the literature, one can still find confusing terminology in reports on mediastinal hemangiomas when authors described venous malformations using the old terminology of cavernous haemangiomas. 6 7 Truong et al reported on the successful use of propranolol in the treatment of a life-threatening subglottic and mediastinal IH in a female infant with no evidence of cutaneous lesions. 8 In this report, we describe in two consecutive patients a new association between diffuse cutaneous back hemangioma and the presence of deep paravertebral hemangiomatous lesions, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported before.…”