In this paper, we propose a peer-to-peer streaming solution to address the on-demand media distribution problem. We identify two issues, namely the asynchrony of user requests and heterogeneity of peer network bandwidth. Our key techniques to address these two issues are cache-andrelay and layer-encoded streaming. A unique challenge of layered peer-to-peer streaming is that the bandwidth and data availability (number of layers received) of each receiving peer are constrained and heterogeneous, which further limits the bandwidth and data availability of its downstream node when it acts as the supplying peer. This challenge distinguishes our work from existing studies on layered multicast. Our experiments show that our solution is efficient at utilizing bandwidth resource of supplying peers, scalable at saving server bandwidth consumption, and optimal at maximizing streaming qualities of all peers.
Cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) has become an imperative mode for global trade. Research on cross-border e-commerce historically focuses mainly on the customer's behavior intention to purchase on a CBEC platform. However, B-buyers are more important compared with C-buyers for CBEC platforms. This is because B-buyers can contribute more gross merchandise volume (GMV) in a CBEC platform, and thus more margin for the firm. The authors apply trust transfer theory, perceived risk, and alternative website quality to study repurchase intention, focusing on B-buyers. The results show that perceived risk, trust in provider, and trust in the website affect repurchase intention significantly, where trust in website is found to be the most important factor. In addition, the authors found that the dimensions of perceived risk in CBEC context can be classified as the following: customer duties risk, confiscation risk, delivery risk, financial risk, and privacy risk. The contributions of the study are addressed lastly.
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