Mediating Effect of Cognitive Social Capital on the Relationship Between Physical Disability and Depression in Elderly People of Rural Pakistan

Tariq, Azam; Beihai, Tian; Ali, Sajjad; Abbas, Nadeem; Ilyas, Aasir

doi:10.3390/ijerph16214232

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The current study discovered a significant direct association between physical disability and symptoms of depression by confirming the previous research findings of the association between limitations in activities and socio-psychological problems [17,24]. A study done in Pakistan on rural elderly people which included 146 respondents found a direct relationship between physical disability and depression [43]. Furthermore, a study found similar results that lower ADL (activities of daily living) functioning was associated with a greater level of depression in the elderly [29], and it has a negative impact on cognitive health and is a fundamental cause of socio-psychological problems in older people [19,21,22,44].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Role of Perceived Social Support on the Association between Physical Disability and Symptoms of Depression in Senior Citizens of Pakistan

Tariq

Beihai

Abbas

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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An emerging body of literature has implied that perceived social support is known as an upstream element of cognitive health. Various dimensions of perceived social support may have divergent influence on physical and cognitive health in later life. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of perceived social support on the relationship between physical disability and symptoms of depression in senior citizens of Pakistan. The data were collected from three metropolitan cities (Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan) in the Punjab province of Pakistan and 100 participants were approached from each city with a total sample size of 300. The results demonstrated that family support, friends’ support, and significant others’ support mediated the association between physical disability and symptoms of depression, with an indirect effect of 0.024, 0.058, and 0.034, respectively. The total direct and indirect effect was 0.493. Physical disability was directly associated with symptoms of depression and greater physical disability predicted a higher level of symptoms of depression. Perceived social support, including family support, friends’ support, and significant others’ support, showed an indirect association with symptoms of depression. Furthermore, family support and friends’ support were more significantly associated with symptoms of depression as compared to significant others’ support. The research discoveries have better implications for health care professionals, hospice care workers, and policy makers. A holistic approach is required to prevent senior citizens from late-life mental disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Role of Perceived Social Support on the Association between Physical Disability and Symptoms of Depression in Senior Citizens of Pakistan

Tariq

Beihai

Abbas

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Self Cite

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“…[ 11 ] Social support, especially in the HIV-positive population, is also associated with reduced drug injections, poverty, unemployment, and mental health. [ 27 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 2 25 26 ] On the other hand, social interaction with people living with AIDS without stigma and discrimination can increase the proper identification of hidden patients and control HIV. [ 27 ] Early diagnosis and in-time therapy could undoubtedly help to properly manage the disease and result in better coping and quality of life in patients. [ 28 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the effect of social support, social capital, and coping on the positive state of mind of Iranian older people with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

SoleimanvandiAzar

Zanjari

Karimi

et al. 2021

J Edu Health Promot

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BACKGROUND: Social resources help to adapt to stress and might positively affect the well-being of individuals with severe conditions like human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). The present study investigates the effect of social support, social capital, and coping in a positive state of mind of Iranian older people with HIV/AIDS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 160 older people with HIV referred to AIDS clinics in Tehran in 2019. Samples were randomly selected from patients aged 50 years and older. Data were collected using a questionnaire, a positive state of mind, social capital, coping, social support, and a checklist of demographical variables. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21. RESULTS: A significant positive correlation was found between social support, social capital, coping, education, and a positive state of mind. A significant negative correlation was also found between age, several chronic diseases of the patient, and a positive state of mind. The linear regression results showed that social support, social capital, coping, and education improved the positive state of mind. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, we believe that social and psychological interventions effectively enhance patients' positive state of mind with HIV and ultimately, improve their quality of life.

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“…Having a positive attitude or optimism toward the future, as well as perceived social support or a sense of acceptance and support from others can play a beneficial role in improving life quality and promoting physical and mental health. They can help one maintain his/her sense of well-being and physical and mental health by adapting to problems and stress [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting mental health of prisoners by artificial neural network

Allahyari¹,

Moshtagh²

2021

BioMedicine

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Introduction: Maintaining and improving prisoners' health and their rehabilitation can be effective steps towards eliminating health inequalities and approaching the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. Accordingly, identifying protective factors and health barriers of this vulnerable group and changing the prison into an environment that can deliver health interventions tailored to the needs of inmates can provide the basis for attaining justice in health. Purpose: This study builds on an artificial neural network model to determine the effect of demographic, psychological, criminological, and physical activity factors on prisoners' general health. Methods: The study detected the patterns between variables using a neural network with nine inputs and one output. To determine the neural network with the minimum sum of squared errors, we evaluated the performance of all neural networks using varying algorithms and numbers of neurons in the hidden layer. For this purpose, the analysis of the data of 149 prisoners aged between 16 and 61 years was performed using SPSS-22 software. Results: The optimal neural network model was useful in predicting prisoners' general health. In this model, the variables of occupation, life expectancy, age, and hope of acceptance were identified as the first most significant factors with 19.25, 17.45, 15.98, and 15.16 percentages, respectively, whereas the cause of incarceration, education level, type of drug misuse, and physical activity were the second most important factors with 8.82, 8.38, 7.91, and 7.04 percentages, respectively. Conclusion: Experiencing psychosocial pressures related to incarceration is more severe for the marginalized and disadvantaged individuals, persons in very young or old age ranges, and those with no history of incarceration, which can increase the likelihood of impaired health for these inmates. Consideration of the prisoners' needs in proportion to their characteristics and provision of emotional and spiritual support of the inmates, especially in the early stages of incarceration, can help shape an effective adjustment process and select appropriate and efficient strategies.

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Mediating Effect of Cognitive Social Capital on the Relationship Between Physical Disability and Depression in Elderly People of Rural Pakistan

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Role of Perceived Social Support on the Association between Physical Disability and Symptoms of Depression in Senior Citizens of Pakistan

Role of Perceived Social Support on the Association between Physical Disability and Symptoms of Depression in Senior Citizens of Pakistan

Investigating the effect of social support, social capital, and coping on the positive state of mind of Iranian older people with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Predicting mental health of prisoners by artificial neural network

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