Mediating Effect of Self-efficacy in the Relationship between Anger and Functional Health of Homeless Men

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediation of self-efficacy in the relationship between anger and the functional health of homeless men in order to provide a basis for planning nursing interventions to improve the functional health of homeless persons. Methods: The participants were 137 homeless men who lived in homeless shelters or visited one center serving free meals for homeless persons in Seoul. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires and analyzed with the SPSS-WIN 20.0 program. The instruments were the Functional Health Pattern Screening Assessment Tool (FHPAST), Self-efficacy Scale (SES), and State-trait Anger Expression Inventory-Korean version (STAXI-K). Results: The mean score for functional health was 2.41. Overall self-efficacy was 70.82. state anger was 16.53, trait anger was 19.54, and anger expression was 25.31. There were signigicant correlations among the 3 variables, functional health, self-efficacy, and anger. Also, self-efficacy had a complete mediating effect in the relationship between anger and functional health. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, health management programs focusing on anger management and self-efficacy improvement are highly recommended to promote functional health in homeless persons. If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

Anger expression, self‐efficacy and interpersonal competency of Korean nursing students

“…Consistent with the findings of a study conducted by Cha & Sok (2014), nursing students exhibited a tendency towards controlling their anger effectively. However, the scores for anger-in and anger-out, considered as dysfunctional anger expression in our study, were higher relative to those observed in Korean homeless men with alcohol problems and difficulty in maintaining stable relationships in another study (Park & Kim 2014). Moreover, based on previous research indicating that dysfunctional anger expression patterns such as anger-in and anger-out, increased interpersonal problems in nurses and drinking problems in university students, nursing educators should be willing to support nursing students in dealing with their anger appropriately (Han et al 2015;.…”

“…This result supports the findings of previous studies, in which anger suppression increased internal anger, resulting in decreased self‐efficacy and difficulty in maintaining intimate relationships with others (Han et al. ; Park & Kim ; Park et al. ).…”

“…Anger-in exerted a significant effect on interpersonal competency and negative effect on interpersonal competency, partly through perceived selfefficacy. This result supports the findings of previous studies, in which anger suppression increased internal anger, resulting in decreased self-efficacy and difficulty in maintaining intimate relationships with others (Han et al 2015;Park & Kim 2014;Park et al 2011). Considering the high prevalence of anger-in observed within the anger expression patterns caused by collectivist culture and job characteristics in Korean healthcare providers such as nurse (Han et al 2015), the development of an intervention programme that encourages nursing students to express their anger efficiently is required.…”

“…With respect to the correlation between anger expression and self‐efficacy, Esen & Çelikkaleli () reported that anger expression patterns were related to social self‐efficacy in university students. Park & Kim () also revealed that anger expression was a predictor of self‐efficacy in homeless men.…”

Intentions to Move from Homelessness to Social Inclusion: The Role of Participation Beliefs, Attitudes and Prior Behaviour

“…Determination to seek housing is also arguably linked to how people perceive events that unfold in the world, and their ability to tackle adverse circumstances. However, only a handful of studies, focusing on personal outcomes, have looked closely at the role of efficacy and interventions for homeless people (Epel, Bandura, & Zimbardo, 1999;Park & Kim, 2014), which is surprising given that 'efficacy' is often viewed as synonymous with empowerment and/or wellbeing in the housing and homelessness literatures (see Clapham, Christian, & Foye, 2016). Within the domain of homelessness, Epel et al (1999) found, in a population of US homeless people, that those who had been previously employed and who had a higher level of educational achievement also had a more positive future orientation (a higher ability to plan for the future) despite current personal cir-cumstances.…”