“…Based on previous research, it is hypothesized that experiences of online humiliation would be positively related to problematic smartphone use ( Gámez-Guadix et al, 2013 ; Qudah et al, 2019 ; Şimşek et al, 2019 ; Martínez-Ferrer et al, 2021 ), as well as aggressive behavior ( Martínez-Monteagudo et al, 2019 , 2020 ), and negatively related to prosocial behavior ( Bäker and Schütz-Wilke, 2023 ). It is expected that, similar to humiliation, problematic smartphone use will be positively associated with indicators of aggressive behavior ( Akbar et al, 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ) and negatively associated with indicators of prosocial behavior ( Esparza-Reig et al, 2022 ). Most importantly, it is expected that problematic smartphone use will mediate the association between experiences of humiliation and the aggressive and prosocial tendencies of these young adults.…”