Background
We assumed that patients in a country with lower economic development will have more psychological distress and problems than an economically stronger country. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine whether advanced cancer patients in Indonesia have more psychological distress and experience more problems contributing to distress than a similar group of patients in Taiwan. We also examined the determinants of psychological distress.
Methods
We conducted a secondary data analysis comparing the data from 286 Indonesian and 70 Taiwanese participants, focusing on distress score and the Problem List (PL) of the Distress Thermometer. Descriptive analysis, Chi-Square test, independent t-test, One-way Anova and multiple linear regression with enter method were applied to analyse the data.
Results
Overall, more Indonesian respondents experienced distress and had more problems across all PL domains than Taiwanese participants. Being an early adult, having problems with childcare, housing and transportation were associated with higher distress while a higher depression score and having stage 4 cancer demonstrated lower distress among Indonesians. For Taiwanese respondents, appearance, bathing/dressing and pain determined psychological distress.
Conclusions
Differences in the healthcare system, economic level, culture, gender and age influenced the problems experienced by patients. Finding from our comparative study provide important insight into understanding distress and PL among ACPs in economically advanced countries compared with economically weak countries. Future collaboration to deliver interventions considering cultural and healthcare system differences between two countries should be developed