Mediation of Interpersonal Expectancy Effects: Expectancies About the Elderly

Harris, Monica J.; Moniz, Andrew J.; Sowards, Bruce A.; Krane, Kari

doi:10.2307/2786973

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In a series of studies, Giles and his colleagues (Giles et al, 1994; Giles, Fox, & Smith, 1993) found that elder adult targets of overaccommodation appear (to independent raters) to “instantly age” in that they look, talk, move, think, and sound older than control participants (those with no overaccommocation). Harris, Moniz, Sowards, and Krane (1994) reported that when undergraduates believed they were making a teaching video for an older partner (in another room) were more overtly anxious, and showed signs of withdrawal and negative affect. Students who watched this videotape answered fewer questions correctly, rated the teacher less positively and felt worse about their own performance.…”

Section: Manifestations Of Ageism In Daily Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Ageism: Prejudice Against Our Feared Future Self

Nelson

2005

Journal of Social Issues

553

378

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For decades, researchers have discovered much about how humans automatically categorize others in social perception. Some categorizations-race, gender, and age-are so automatic that they are termed "primitive categories." As we categorize, we often develop stereotypes about the categories. Researchers know much about racism and sexism, but comparatively little about prejudicing and stereotyping based on age. The articles in this issue highlight the current empirical and theoretical work by researchers in gerontology, psychology, communication, and related fields on understanding the origins and consequences of stereotyping and prejudicing against older adults. With the aging baby boomer demographic, it is especially timely for researchers to work to understand how society can shed its institutionalized ageism and promote respect for elders.

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Section: Manifestations Of Ageism In Daily Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Ageism: Prejudice Against Our Feared Future Self

Nelson

2005

Journal of Social Issues

553

378

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“…There is ample evidence that nonverbal biases exist. For instance, African-Americans, heavy women, and elderly adults have been shown to elicit more negative nonverbal behavior than European-Americans, slim women, and young adults, respectively, in experimental and naturalistic situations (Chaikin, Sigler, & Derlega, 1974; Dovidio, Kawakami, Johnson, Johnson, & Howard, 1997; Harris, Moniz, Soward, & Krane, 1994; King, Shapiro, Hebl, Singletary, & Turner, 2006). …”

Section: Nonverbal Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unspoken cultural influence: Exposure to and influence of nonverbal bias.

Weisbuch

Ambady

2009

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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The authors examined the extent to which nonverbal behavior contributes to culturally shared attitudes and beliefs. In Study 1, especially slim women elicited especially positive nonverbal behaviors in popular television shows. In Study 2, exposure to this nonverbal bias caused women to have especially slim cultural and personal ideals of female beauty and to have especially positive attitudes toward slim women. In Study 3, individual differences in exposure to such nonverbal bias accounted for substantial variance in pro-slim attitudes, anti-fat attitudes, and personal ideals of beauty, even after controlling for several third variables. In Study 4, regional differences in exposure to nonverbal bias accounted for substantial variance in regional unhealthy dieting behaviors, even after controlling for several third variables.

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“…Also, and more insidious, the pressure of low expectations actually can interfere with some women workers' performance. Similarly, high expectations of others can improve the performances of some men workers (Harris and Rosenthal 1985). Thus the effect of statusbased expectations on some men and some women can create "real" differences in the average performance and productivity for groups of similar male and female workers.…”

Section: Preferences For Male Workersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interaction is also likely to conserve gender status beliefs over changes in the original distributional inequalities that supported them. Because status beliefs create expectations that have selffulfilling effects, they resist change and cannot be eroded except by repeated disconfirming experiences (Harris and Rosenthal 1985;Miller and Turnbull 1986;Rothbart and John 1985). Multiple experiences are required, especially for people who benefit from gender status beliefs because their self interest makes them more cognitively resistant to disconfirming information.…”

Section: Interaction and Gender Status Beliefsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction and the Conservation of Gender Inequality: Considering Employment

Ridgeway¹

1997

American Sociological Review

774

553

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show abstract

Mediation of Interpersonal Expectancy Effects: Expectancies About the Elderly

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Ageism: Prejudice Against Our Feared Future Self

Ageism: Prejudice Against Our Feared Future Self

Unspoken cultural influence: Exposure to and influence of nonverbal bias.

Interaction and the Conservation of Gender Inequality: Considering Employment

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