Medical Care Solicitation by Criminals with Gunshot Wound Injuries: A Survey of Washington, DC, Jail Detainees

May, John; Hemenway, David; Oen, Roger; Pitts, Khalid R.

doi:10.1097/00005373-200001000-00023

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For example, a study of Washington, DC detainees found that 92% reported going to the hospital when they were shot. 8 However, that study involved only one urban area, with a sample of fewer than 100 detainees who had been shot. The present article extends that study to five additional locations throughout the US.…”

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confidence: 99%

Do criminals go to the hospital when they are shot?

May¹

2002

Inj Prev

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Objectives:To determine whether criminals go to the hospital when they are shot. Such information is needed to check on the accuracy of using hospital emergency room data to estimate non-fatal gunshot wounds.Setting:Five jails across the US.Methods:A survey of inmates being booked into jail, administered by in-house health care staff.Results:Over 90% of over 300 criminals who had been wounded sometime before their incarceration reported going to a hospital for treatment after being shot. These results are consistent with previous findings from one jail.Conclusions:Jail inmates who had previously been shot were likely to have been treated in a hospital. This limited finding is consistent with the proposition that hospital/emergency department data may miss only a small percentage of gunshot wounds to criminals.

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confidence: 99%

Do criminals go to the hospital when they are shot?

May¹

2002

Inj Prev

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“…Furthermore, the vast majority of individuals who initially survive a gunshot wound seek medical care for their injury. This is evident even among criminals who are very likely to enter the medical care system after a firearm injury (May, Hemenway, Oen, & Pitts, 2000). Therefore, the number of shootings that were not found in the public safety or medical system records that we used was negligible and, in fact, most were able to be identified within a very short period of time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Linkage of Individual and Geographic Data to Study Firearm Violence

et al. 2008

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Firearm violence is the end result of a causative web of individual-level and geographic risk factors. Few, if any, studies of firearm violence have been able to simultaneously determine the population-based relative risks that individuals experience as a result of what they were doing at a specific point in time and where they were, geographically, at a specific point in time. This paper describes the linkage of individual and geographic data that was undertaken as part of a population-based case-control study of firearm violence in Philadelphia. New methods and applications of these linked data relevant to researchers and policymakers interested in firearm violence are also discussed. AbstractFirearm violence is the end result of a causative web of individual-level and geographic risk factors. Few, if any, studies of firearm violence have been able to simultaneously determine the population-based relative risks that individuals experience as a result of what they were doing at a specific point in time and where they were, geographically, at a specific point in time. This paper describes the linkage of individual and geographic data that was undertaken as part of a population-based case-control study of firearm violence in Philadelphia. New methods and applications of these linked data relevant to researchers and policymakers interested in firearm violence are also discussed.

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“…To inform our empirical analysis, we appeal to a theoretical model of self-employment and entrepreneurship similar to Kihlstrom and Laffont (1979), where the choice to start a firm is a function of an individual’s degree of risk aversion. As ex-incarcerees/convicts presumably made choices—the commission of a crime—that increased the relative risk of losing of their valuable freedom (Abrams & Rohlfs, 2011), and/or life (May, Hemenway, Oen, & Pitts, 2000), it suggests that they are less risk averse and more willing to engage gambles and lotteries relative to individuals who have never been incarcerated/convicted for a crime. Viewing the decision to be a self-employed entrepreneur as a gamble or lottery with stochastic payoffs, the optimal choice of an individual to be self-employed can be sensitive to the degree of individual risk aversion (Cramer et al, 2002) as evidenced by Fairlie and Holleran (2012) and Hvide and Panos (2014) for individuals in general, and for illicit drug dealers in particular (Fairlie, 2002) suggests that criminals are relatively less risk averse, and perhaps relatively well-suited for entrepreneurship (Levine & Rubinstein, 2017).…”

Section: Self-employment Ex-incarceree/convict Status and Risk Avermentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex-Incarceree/Convict Status: Beneficial for Self-Employment and Entrepreneurship?

Irankunda

Price

Uzamere

et al. 2019

The American Economist

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This article considers whether ex-incarceree/convict status favorably conditions the decision to be self-employed—a proxy for entrepreneurship. With data from the U.S. General Social Survey, we estimate the parameters of simple Probit and Bivariate Probit treatment specifications of individual self-employment outcomes as a function of ex-incarceree/convict status, and several measures of individual risk-taking propensities. Parameter estimates reveal that ex-incarceree/convict status has a positive and significant treatment effect on self-employment, particularly for Black Americans, after controlling for various measures of individual risk propensities. Our results suggest that the expansion of entrepreneurship training programs and the elimination of any barriers that restrict access to start-up capital for ex-incarcerees/convicts would reduce crime and recidivism, ameliorate mass incarceration, and complement pro-growth economic policies that induce more self-employment and entrepreneurship. JEL Classification: J01, J24, L26, Z13

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Medical Care Solicitation by Criminals with Gunshot Wound Injuries: A Survey of Washington, DC, Jail Detainees

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Do criminals go to the hospital when they are shot?

Do criminals go to the hospital when they are shot?

Novel Linkage of Individual and Geographic Data to Study Firearm Violence

Ex-Incarceree/Convict Status: Beneficial for Self-Employment and Entrepreneurship?

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