Medical Conditions Associated With Driving Cessation in Community-Dwelling, Ambulatory Elders

Campbell, Miriam K.; Bush, Trudy L.; Hale, William E.

doi:10.1093/geronj/48.4.s230

Cited by 155 publications

(152 citation statements)

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“…Parkinson's disease has previously been found as a 14 major factor of driving cessation 49 and as a non-significant factor in crashes. 50 52 The high rate of driving cessation after a stroke was consistent with other studies.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Driving Cessation Onlymentioning

confidence: 98%

Driving Cessation and Self-Reported Car Crashes in Older Drivers: The Impact of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in a Population-Based Study

Lafont

Laumon

Helmer

et al. 2008

J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol

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The complexity of driving activity has incited numerous developed countries to initiate evaluative procedures in the elderly, varying according to first evaluation age, frequency and screening tools. The objective of this paper is to improve the knowledge of the driving cessation process in regard to factors associated with crash involvement. Driving cessation and self-reported crashes during the past five years were analyzed with multivariate models, in a cross-sectional study including a population-based sample of 1051 drivers aged 65 years and more. Visual trouble, Parkinson disease, dementia and stroke history were associated with driving cessation. Future dementia was associated with self-reported crashes only. Attentional and executive deficits were associated with both outcomes. The detection of attentional and executive problems should be included in driving evaluation procedures in order to improve awareness of these deficits by older drivers.

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Section: Factors Associated With Driving Cessation Onlymentioning

confidence: 98%

Driving Cessation and Self-Reported Car Crashes in Older Drivers: The Impact of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in a Population-Based Study

Lafont

Laumon

Helmer

et al. 2008

J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In particular, previous studies have shown that older women are more likely than men to stop driving, resulting in greater driving time exposure by men. [40][41][42] Thus, the association between sex and driving accidents in dementia may be mediated by patient behavior (ie, time on the road).…”

Section: Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving and Dementia: A Review of the Literature

Brown

Ott

2004

J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol

124

119

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The purpose of this article is to review the literature on the ability of individuals with dementia to drive an automobile. Based on a review of the literature, several factors were identified that may be useful in differentiating between people with dementia who presently remain safe drivers from those who have progressed to impaired driving. These factors include disease duration and severity, sex, patient self-assessment, family assessment, neuropsychological measures, findings on road evaluations, and driving simulator testing. The approach of the physician to driving and dementia is addressed, including in-office screening, referral for on-road driving assessments, and the potential for physician reporting to state agencies. Keywords dementia; driving; competence; impairmentWith the increasing age of the American population, the proportion of older drivers on the road is also rising. 1 Given that age is the most significant risk factor for developing dementia, it is apparent that large numbers of licensed drivers in North America are demented or are likely to become demented. Studies have shown that the driver with dementia is at increased risk to cause traffic accidents. [2][3][4][5] Friedland and coworkers found a 47% prevalence rate of crashes among 30 persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to 10% of 20 age-matched controls in a retrospective survey over 5 years. 6 Overall, there is probably a 2-to 8-fold greater risk of crashes for elderly drivers with mild to moderate dementia compared to those not demented. 7 A recent longitudinal study of drivers with dementia confirmed the decline of on-road driving abilities, particularly on aspects of the driving exam requiring more complex abilities such as awareness of driving environment and decision making. 8 Thus, among those who continue to drive, dementia is a well-recognized, age-related risk factor for hazardous driving. A number of editorials and review articles have addressed the issue of driving and dementia. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] There is evidence to suggest, however, that not all persons with dementia are incompetent drivers, particularly in the very early stages. [28][29][30][31][32] Given this evidence, it is particularly important to determine the most important cognitive or functional factors that contribute to driving impairment among those with dementia.

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“…This behavior might reflect age-related difficulties in sustained attention. Whether these occasional lapses are serious enough to warrant labeling the older population as poorer drivers remains questionable, given their overall performance and tendency to compensate by self-restrictions to drive less, and to drive in less demanding situations (e.g., Campbell, et al, 1993;Zur and Shinar, 1998). Furthermore, the variability in the performance of the older subjects shown here and in other studies highlights the inadvisability of characterizing all older persons in terms of stereotypic labels related to driving and other visually- Older Subjects…”

Section: Maltzmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Movements of Younger and Older Drivers

1999

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This 2-part study focuses on eye movements to explain driving-related visual performance in younger and older subjects. In the first task, subjects' eye movements were monitored as they viewed a traffic scene image with a numeric overlay, and visually located the numbers in their sequential order. The results showed that older subjects had significantly longer search episodes than younger subjects, and their visual search was characterized by more fixations and shorter saccades, although the average fixation durations remained the same. In the second task the subjects viewed pictures of traffic scenes photographed from the driver's perspective, and the task was to assume the role of the driver and regard the image accordingly. Results in the second task showed that older subjects allocated a larger percentage of their visual scan time to a small subset of areas in the image, while younger subjects scanned the images more evenly. Also, older subjects revisited the same areas and younger subjects did not. The results suggest how aging might affect the efficacy of visual information processing. Running Title: EYE MOVEMENTS OF DRIVERS

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Medical Conditions Associated With Driving Cessation in Community-Dwelling, Ambulatory Elders

Cited by 155 publications

References 0 publications

Driving Cessation and Self-Reported Car Crashes in Older Drivers: The Impact of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in a Population-Based Study

Driving Cessation and Self-Reported Car Crashes in Older Drivers: The Impact of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in a Population-Based Study

Driving and Dementia: A Review of the Literature

Eye Movements of Younger and Older Drivers

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