Medical Marijuana and Crime: Substance Use and Criminal Behaviors in a Sample of Arrestees

Cheon, Hyunjung; Decker, Scott H.; Katz, Charles M.

doi:10.1177/0022042617743775

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The age range of the arrestees with drug-related crimes was 30-33 years. Considering the demographic characteristics of the arrestees, our participants were as young as the samples studied in other relevant studies, such as in French [17,18], American [19], Chinese [20], and English [21] arrestees. Generally, being young and unemployed can increase the risk of being arrested [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arrestees Substance Abuse: Moving Toward Rehabilitation Camps or Prisons

et al. 2020

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Illicit drug abuse and drug-related crimes are still a growing problem worldwide. Understanding the increasing number of individuals arrested for drug charges, as well as their characteristics is necessary to predict and establish preventive and treatment programs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shahroud, Northeast of Iran from 2015-2018. Data were collected at the time of arrest from all homeless addicts and drug offenders arrested by the police and were sent to the rehabilitation camps or prisons (n=5486). Results: Drug-related charges were the largest category of arrest charges in Shahroud. The mean age of arrestees had significantly decreased each year. In total, 19.1% of the arrestees were referred to the rehabilitation camps (18.6% male and 40.3% female). The number of cases arrested for drug charges referred to the rehabilitation camps had significantly increased over time in both men and women. The number of arrestees showed an increase each year, whereas their mean age had decreased significantly. Discussion: Drug-related laws in Iran have been reformed, emphasizing the judicial supervision of arrest, treatment, and release processes. Treatment of arrestees with drug abuse provides opportunities for decreasing substance abuse and criminal behaviors and rearrests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arrestees Substance Abuse: Moving Toward Rehabilitation Camps or Prisons

et al. 2020

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“…Finally, we acknowledge that the costbenefit analysis did not measure all the possible detriments of recreational legalization. Adverse costs of recreational legalization were limited to crime increases, but there are other potentially adverse effects that could have occurred, such as users becoming more likely to drive under the influence (Cheon, Decker, & Katz, 2018) or increased access for underage users. However, given the large CBR values observed for sales revenue, the adverse effects would have to be quite large to offset the benefits given that sales continue to increase in Denver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Criminogenic Effect of Marijuana Dispensaries in Denver, Colorado: A Microsynthetic Control Quasi-Experiment and Cost-Benefit Analysis

Connealy

Piza

Hatten

2019

Justice Evaluation Journal

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The study analyzed the criminogenic effect of legalizing recreational marijuana dispensaries in Denver. Street segments with recreational dispensaries experienced no changes in violent, disorder and drug crime but did experience an 18% increase in property crime, and street segments adjacent to recreational dispensaries experienced some notable (but non-significant) drug and disorder crime increases. Medical dispensaries demonstrated no significant crime changes. A cost-benefit analysis found the associated crime costs were largely offset by sales revenue. Monetary benefits were much less pronounced, and barely cost effective, when only considering tax revenue.

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“…The validity of self-reported data has been demonstrated repeatedly in prior criminological studies. Prior research suggests more than 80% convergence between self-reported offending and official reports of arrest (Bersani & Piquero, 2017; Piquero et al, 2014) and has reported a strong and robust relationship between self-reported drug use and urinalyses tests of illicit drugs (Cheon et al, 2018). The distributions of the outcome measures in the sample are given in Table 2 below.…”

Section: Background Of the Studied Case: Juvenile Delinquency Risk Asmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Machine Learning Methods to Develop a Short Tree-Based Adaptive Classification Test: Case Study With a High-Dimensional Item Pool and Imbalanced Data

Zheng

Cheon

Katz

2020

Applied Psychological Measurement

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This study explores advanced techniques in machine learning to develop a short tree-based adaptive classification test based on an existing lengthy instrument. A case study was carried out for an assessment of risk for juvenile delinquency. Two unique facts of this case are (a) the items in the original instrument measure a large number of distinctive constructs; (b) the target outcomes are of low prevalence, which renders imbalanced training data. Due to the high dimensionality of the items, traditional item response theory (IRT)-based adaptive testing approaches may not work well, whereas decision trees, which are developed in the machine learning discipline, present as a promising alternative solution for adaptive tests. A cross-validation study was carried out to compare eight tree-based adaptive test constructions with five benchmark methods using data from a sample of 3,975 subjects. The findings reveal that the best-performing tree-based adaptive tests yielded better classification accuracy than the benchmark method IRT scoring with optimal cutpoints, and yielded comparable or better classification accuracy than the best benchmark method, random forest with balanced sampling. The competitive classification accuracy of the tree-based adaptive tests also come with an over 30-fold reduction in the length of the instrument, only administering between 3 to 6 items to any individual. This study suggests that tree-based adaptive tests have an enormous potential when used to shorten instruments that measure a large variety of constructs.

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Medical Marijuana and Crime: Substance Use and Criminal Behaviors in a Sample of Arrestees

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Arrestees Substance Abuse: Moving Toward Rehabilitation Camps or Prisons

Arrestees Substance Abuse: Moving Toward Rehabilitation Camps or Prisons

The Criminogenic Effect of Marijuana Dispensaries in Denver, Colorado: A Microsynthetic Control Quasi-Experiment and Cost-Benefit Analysis

Using Machine Learning Methods to Develop a Short Tree-Based Adaptive Classification Test: Case Study With a High-Dimensional Item Pool and Imbalanced Data

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