Medical Radionuclides. Radiation Dose and Effects

Cormack, D. V.; Cloutier, Roger J.; Edwards, C.; Snyder, W.S.

doi:10.2307/3573219

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Finally recent experimental results from Loevinger (cited by Berger (1970)) were found in good agreement with the data of Cross and the theoretical predictions of Berger.…”

Section: Experimental Datasupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The results obtained for 32P and 90Y are presented in figures 4 and 5. For an infinitely thin plane source, the values obtained by integration of the modified point source function, correspond very closely to the numerical integrations by Berger (1970). For large distances x, they are slightly lower than the recent measurements of Loevinger (cited by Berger 1970), probably due to the disregard of, for instance, bremsstrahlung in the Spencer theory.…”

Section: Absorbed Dose Distributions For Infinitely Extended Plane So...supporting

confidence: 82%

“…In practice, the problem can be approached in two steps. Firstly, the function representing the dose distribution in tissues (or water) around a 'point source' of a p -emitting radionuclide-sometimes called 'point kernel' (Berger 1970)"must be determined. Secondly, the dose distribution around a p-source of a given shape and of given dimensions can be computed by integrating the 'point kernel' over the whole volume of the source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A point source dose function for @emitting radionuclides was proposed by Loevinger in 1956, from the data available at that time. The aim of the present paper is to reconsider the problem taking into account the more recent experimental data of Cross (1967a) and the theoretical studies of Berger (1970Berger ( , 1971.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Dosimetry of beta sources in radiotherapy. I. The beta point source dose function

Vynckier

Wambersie

1982

pmb

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The dose distribution around a point source of a beta-emitting radionuclide in an homogeneous medium is considered. The beta point dose function proposed by Loevinger in 1956 is discussed with respect to the most recent experimental and theoretical available data of Cross and Berger. The Loevinger function provides a reasonable evaluation of the dose distribution at distances of clinical interest. A re-evaluation of the parameters can still improve the situation. A slightly modified formula provides a description of the dose distribution around 32P and 90Y point sources, which is in close agreement, at all relevant distances, with the data of Cross and Berger. This formula can be integrated to provide the dose distribution around beta sources of other shapes.

show abstract

“…Finally recent experimental results from Loevinger (cited by Berger (1970)) were found in good agreement with the data of Cross and the theoretical predictions of Berger.…”

Section: Experimental Datasupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Absorbed Dose Distributions For Infinitely Extended Plane So...supporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dosimetry of beta sources in radiotherapy. I. The beta point source dose function

Vynckier

Wambersie

1982

pmb

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although many radionuclides that find their way into the human body are excreted t,hrough urine, the dosimetry of the urinary bladder, taking into account its dynamic nature, is a relatively recent development (Snyder 1970). As McAfee (1970) points out, the short-lived radiopharmaceuticals that are now injected in millicurie quantities for rapid sequence imaging of the brain, heart and abdominal organs are frequently selected on the basis of their rapid clearance from the blood stream and this procedure, as a rule, augments the dose commitment to the urinary tract.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose to the urinary bladder from radionuclides in urine

Unnikrishnan¹

1974

pmb

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A general schema for calculating the cumulated dose, for any given filling time and amount of urine collected, is briefly described. A method is developed for determining the maximum dose rates as a function of volume for beta emitter in urine, based on the scaled absorbed dose distribution around point beta sources. The dose rates from monoenergetic photons as a function of the volume of bladder contents are derived from published data. As an illustration of the use of the proposed scheme, the dose received by the bladder from an intravenous administration of 131I-Hippuran has been computed. The cumulated gamma and beta doses are found to be directly proportional to the filling time and to be smooth functions of the final volume of urine. These new dose estimates are compared and contrasted with some reported values based on a static bladder model.

show abstract

Cancer Mortality Following Treatment for Adult Hyperthyroidism

Ron

Doody²,

Becker³

et al. 1998

JAMA

323

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

; for the Cooperative Thyrotoxicosis Therapy Follow-up Study Group Context.-High-dose iodine 131 is the treatment of choice in the United States for most adults with hyperthyroid disease. Although there is little evidence to link therapeutic 131 I to the development of cancer, its extensive medical use indicates the need for additional evaluation. Objective.-To evaluate cancer mortality among hyperthyroid patients, particularly after 131 I treatment. Design.-A retrospective cohort study. Setting.-Twenty-five clinics in the United States and 1 clinic in England. Patients.-A total of 35 593 hyperthyroid patients treated between 1946 and 1964 in the original Cooperative Thyrotoxicosis Therapy Follow-up Study; 91% had Graves disease, 79% were female, and 65% were treated with 131 I. Main Outcome Measure.-Standardized cancer mortality ratios (SMRs) after 3 treatment modalities for hyperthyroidism. Results.-Of the study cohort, 50.5% had died by the end of follow-up in December 1990. The total number of cancer deaths was close to that expected based on mortality rates in the general population (2950 vs 2857.6), but there was a small excess of mortality from cancers of the lung, breast, kidney, and thyroid, and a deficit of deaths from cancers of the uterus and the prostate gland. Patients with toxic nodular goiter had an SMR of 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.30). More than 1 year after treatment, an increased risk of cancer mortality was seen among patients treated exclusively with antithyroid drugs (SMR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.06-1.60). Radioactive iodine was not linked to total cancer deaths (SMR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.98-1.07) or to any specific cancer with the exception of thyroid cancer (SMR, 3.94; 95% CI, 2.52-5.86). Conclusions.-Neither hyperthyroidism nor 131 I treatment resulted in a significantly increased risk of total cancer mortality. While there was an elevated risk of thyroid cancer mortality following 131 I treatment, in absolute terms the excess number of deaths was small, and the underlying thyroid disease appeared to play a role. Overall, 131 I appears to be a safe therapy for hyperthyroidism.

show abstract

Medical Radionuclides. Radiation Dose and Effects

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Dosimetry of beta sources in radiotherapy. I. The beta point source dose function

Dosimetry of beta sources in radiotherapy. I. The beta point source dose function

Dose to the urinary bladder from radionuclides in urine

Cancer Mortality Following Treatment for Adult Hyperthyroidism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About