Medical simulation: Overview, and application to wound modelling and management

Abstract

Simulation in medical education is progressing in leaps and bounds. The need for simulation in medical education and training is increasing because of a) overall increase in the number of medical students vis-à-vis the availability of patients; b) increasing awareness among patients of their rights and consequent increase in litigations and c) tremendous improvement in simulation technology which makes simulation more and more realistic. Simulation in wound care can be divided into use of simulation in wound modelling (to test the effect of projectiles on the body) and simulation for training in wound management. Though this science is still in its infancy, more and more researchers are now devising both low-technology and high-technology (virtual reality) simulators in this field. It is believed that simulator training will eventually translate into better wound care in real patients, though this will be the subject of further research.

Should Medical Simulation Be an Integral Part of Medical Educational Curriculum? A Review

“…The Need for Simulation: The need for simulation in medical education and training is increasing because of a] overall increase in the number of medical students vis-à-vis the availability of patients; b] increasing awareness among patients of their rights and consequent increase in litigations and c] tremendous improvement in simulation technology which makes simulation more and more realistic. [9], [10], [11] Patients are now increasingly treated on an outpatient basis, and less time is afforded to patient interaction. Continuity of care has also decreased as time limits are placed on resident work hours.…”

“…[1] The aim of medical simulation training is to imitate reality, or rather, to mimic reality to the closest extent possible so that the learner is in a state of "suspended disbelief" and he believes himself to be undergoing a real experience. [11] We feel simulation provides ones of the greatest potentials for improving the quality of medical education, improving patient safety and reducing the cost of medical errors. Medical students value simulation-based learning highly.…”

Simulating a self-inflicted facial gunshot wound with moulage to improve perceived realism, immersion, and learning in simulation-based airway management training

“…Moulage is a commonly used tool to mock wounds or injuries in simulation-based education and training 1–7 that provides visual and tactile cues for the learner 8 9 and increases participant engagement. 10 We describe a moulage technique to simulate a self-inflicted facial gunshot wound to highlight the complications in airway management associated with facial trauma.…”

“…Moulage is thought to enhance the realism and authenticity of clinical simulations, potentially resulting in an improved learning experience. 8 Moulage can reduce or eliminate the reliance on verbal cues to guide participants, placing them in a better position to independently determine how the clinical presentation dictates the direction of care. 4 However, a recent systematic review on the effectiveness of moulage on participant engagement was inconclusive due to limited research, 9 but the few studies that do explore its usefulness suggest that it is more beneficial than traditional methods.…”

O uso da moulage nas práticas de simulação clínica: estudo de casos múltiplos

“…Além disso, outros estudos têm demonstrado o uso da moulage na criação de simuladores que permitem a realização do treino de habilidades, como por exemplo, a estabilização de um trauma penetrante (PAI, SINGH, 2012), a realização da técnica de escarotomia (FOOT et al, 2008), a palpação, exame de ultrassonografia e drenagem em um abscesso simulado (PAI, SINGH, 2012).…”