Medicinal Plants and Pharmaceutical Technology

Silva, Ruth M. Lucinda da; Couto, Angélica Garcia; Bresolin, Tania Mari Bellé

doi:10.1002/9781118260005.ch10

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The usual time required (3-14 days) can be shortened with constant stirring (dynamic maceration). If total extraction of the components is desired, the solvent must be renewed (R. M. L. da Silva, Couto, & Bresolin, 2012).…”

Section: Macerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Boiling water is used as an extraction solvent, added to the herbal drug, and allowed to stand for a short period (5-20 min), and then the extract is filtered and collected. As a result, highly water-soluble (polar) components are obtained and used for aromatic plants with volatile metabolites (R. M. L. da Silva et al, 2012).…”

Section: Infusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike infusion, in decoction, the herbal drug and water (at room temperature) are placed together and then boiled for a defined time (5-20 min), proceeding to filtration and collection. A higher concentration of active compounds is achieved, but due to the increased temperature (approximately 100 °C), it is applied for extracting thermo-resistant compounds, and usually, hard vegetal materials are used (e.g., roots or bark) (Azwanida, 2015; R. M. L. da Silva et al, 2012).…”

Section: Decoctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural Extracts as a Promising Solution for Gram-Positive Antibiotic Resistance: A Comprehensive Review

QUINTERO¹,

PEREZ-GIRABEL²,

PATIÑO³

et al. 2023

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Background: Antibiotic resistance is currently one of the biggest problems in public health. Infectious diseases are the second human death cause, and the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria increases mortality and morbidity rates. There is a growing clinical need for the development of new antibiotics. In this line, WHO issued an alert about 12 bacteria with an urgent need to develop new antibiotics. Aims: This review aims to analyze the current knowledge of their antibacterial activity against the gram-positive pathogens listed by WHO and their extraction techniques. Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature in PubMed, searching publications describing the use of natural extracts as antibiotics over bacteria. The exclusion criteria consisted of limiting papers on natural extracts tested over the bacteria culture related to eleven selected bacteria, according to an alert issued by WHO in 2017, and seven plant extracts. Results: All the gram-positive bacteria present in the WHO alert have been treated, with different degrees of advance, with some of the plant extracts and plant-based compounds reviewed. Currently, they are in the preclinical stage. Edible herbs are more often used, as well as artemisia and wine byproducts. Discussion: Natural products based on plants have shown to be efficient in inhibiting bacterial growth, even in antibiotic-resistant strains. The classical extraction methods are still in use and have been improved with the available technology to improve efficiency and yield. Conclusions: Ongoing evidence shows that plant extracts and plant-based compounds are effective as antibacterial, with minimal effects on the host cell, a promising antibiotic source. Furthermore, they are sustainable, environmentally friendly, and renewable.

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Section: Macerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Infusionmentioning

confidence: 99%