Medicines shortages and the perception of healthcare professionals working in hospitals: An Italian case study

Zovi, Andrea; Musazzi, Umberto M.; D’Angelo, Cinzia; Piacenza, M; Vimercati, Stefania

doi:10.1016/j.xjep.2021.100472

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The current consensus about the therapies to use in children and babies affected by COVID-19 is that in most cases only support therapy is needed, leaving specific pharmacological treatment for more severe cases [ 37 , 38 ]. However, no guidelines are available due to the lack of sufficient data and studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Infection in Children and Infants: Current Status on Therapies and Vaccines

Malcangi

Inchingolo

et al. 2022

Children

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Since the beginning in December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak appeared to affect mostly the adult population, sparing the vast majority of children who only showed mild symptoms. The purpose of this investigation is to assess the status on the mechanisms that give children and infants this variation in epidemiology compared to the adult population and its impact on therapies and vaccines that are aimed towards them. A literature review, including in vitro studies, reviews, published guidelines and clinical trials was performed. Clinical trials concerned topics that allowed a descriptive synthesis to be produced. Four underlying mechanisms were found that may play a key role in providing COVID-19 protection in babies. No guidelines are available yet for therapy due to insufficient data; support therapy remains the most used. Only two vaccines are approved by the World Health Organization to be used in children from 12 years of age, and there are currently no efficacy or safety data for children below the age of 12 years. The COVID-19 clinical frame infection is milder in children and adolescents. This section of the population can act as vectors and reservoirs and play a key role in the transmission of the infection; therefore, vaccines are paramount. More evidence is required to guide safely the vaccination campaign.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Infection in Children and Infants: Current Status on Therapies and Vaccines

Malcangi

Inchingolo

et al. 2022

Children

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“…13,17 In fact, since galcanezumab, fremanezumab, and eptinezumab have also been placed on the market, it seems that physicians tend to equally address the therapeutic choice between all the anti-CGRP mAbs, having to assess several variabilities during the prescription phase such as the availability of the medicines in the clinical setting, the local technical specifications, medicines' shortages, etc. 29 On the other hand, it is noteworthy that the treatment with galcanezumab in a trimester costs the most due to the double vials administered during the induction phase. Migraine has a huge financial burden on global economies, costing $19.6 in the USA 30 and €27 billion 31 in the EU annually.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-CGRP mAbs for the Preventive Treatment of Migraine: An Overview Review and a Cost Saving Analysis in the Global Scenario

Zovi,

Lasala,

Ferrara

et al. 2023

Hosp Pharm

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Objectives: Migraine is a neurological disease with a high frequency of incidence. The new monoclonal antibodies selective for the calcitonin gene-related peptide and its ligand (anti-CGRP mAbs) have been marketed both in the USA and EU based on the positive efficacy results in the prevention of migraine. This search has been carried out with the aim of collecting real-world evidence on the effectiveness of anti-CGRP mAbs, performing a cost-savings analysis, and comparing performances among anti-CGRP mAbs medicines marketed in the American and European market. Methods: The literature review has been performed in PubMed database on 31 December 2022; the cost of the unitary dose of anti-CGRP mAbs has been extracted consulting an American national database. Results: The results confirm efficacy and good tolerability of anti-CGRP mAbs, determining a difference in the purchase price. In fact, all extracted studies showed a protective risk factor exposure in monthly migraine days reduction for all the anti-CGRP mAbs, whereas the cost analysis showed that using eptinezumab, in a quarter there is a cost saving of at least $425 per patient, compared with the other anti-CGRP mAbs. Conclusions: With equal efficacy and equal safety, anti-CGRP mAbs should be prescribed also regard to the cost established at the negotiation, making sure to guarantee the best treatment to the patients, but at the same time impacting as little as possible to the healthcare services resources.

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“…Pharmacotherapy appears to be a crucial weapon for the care and the management of patients with UC. Thanks to the ongoing research that is currently underway, in the future the therapeutic armamentarium will be able to expand further: it will therefore be essential for healthcare professionals to better manage pharmaceutical governance, ensuring the access to care, to allow patients to fully adhere to the pharmacological treatment [ 52 , 53 , 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Medicine in the Treatment of Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cancer: New Molecular Targets and Pharmacological Therapies

Vitiello

Ferrara²,

Lasala

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Many variants of urothelial cancer present diagnostic challenges and carry clinical implications that influence prognosis and treatment decisions. The critical issues of treatment-resistant clones are a crucial barrier to care in individuals affected by urothelial carcinoma. Laying the foundations for the resistance evolution, a wide mutational heterogeneity characterizes urothelial carcinoma, noticeable also in patients affected by a early stage disease. In recent years the growing knowledge of the pathogenesis and molecular paths underlying the onset and progression of urothelial cancer are leading to the development of new therapies based on immune checkpoints. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy both operate selectively by shaping the developmental trajectory of urothelial carcinoma in the course of the illness. To date, a promising new therapeutic treatment is represented by antibody-drug conjugates, therapeutic tools that exploit the targeted ability of an antibody to administer cytotoxic drugs directly to the tumor. Indeed, nowadays in the clinical setting there are several treatments available for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer, from classic chemotherapeutics such as Gemcitabine, Cisplatin and Carboplatin, Paclitaxel and Docetaxel, to Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors such as Atezolizumab, Avelumab, Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, up to anti-nectin 4 Enfortumab Vedotin and Sacituzumab govitecan, which binds Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (Trop-2) and activates as a topoisomerase inhibitor. The aim of this work is to describe the molecular mechanisms underlying the onset of the urothelial cancer and provide an overview of the immunotherapies that can be used in the clinical setting to counteract it, deepening the efficacy and safety results of the pivotal studies and the place in therapy of these treatments.

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Medicines shortages and the perception of healthcare professionals working in hospitals: An Italian case study

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

COVID-19 Infection in Children and Infants: Current Status on Therapies and Vaccines

COVID-19 Infection in Children and Infants: Current Status on Therapies and Vaccines

Anti-CGRP mAbs for the Preventive Treatment of Migraine: An Overview Review and a Cost Saving Analysis in the Global Scenario

Precision Medicine in the Treatment of Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cancer: New Molecular Targets and Pharmacological Therapies

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