Mediterranean Diet and 10-year (2002-2012) Incidence of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease in Participants with Prediabetes: The ATTICA study

Filippatos, Theodosios D.; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.; Georgousopoulou, Ekavi; Pitaraki, Evangelia; Kouli, Georgia-Maria; Chrysοhoou, Christina; Tousoulis, Dimitrios; Stefanadis, Christodoulos; Pitsavos, Christos

doi:10.1900/rds.2016.13.226

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The health benefits of the MeDi are well-established, with a plethora of studies linking adherence to this dietary pattern to low morbidity and mortality for numerous chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (e.g., refs 1 , 2 , 17 . ); conditions which are themselves risk factors for AD 3 , 4 , 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Mediterranean diet (MeDi), has been widely recognised as a healthy eating model due to its correlation with low morbidity and mortality for many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes 1 , 2 , which are themselves risk factors for AD 3 , 4 . Indeed, accumulating research, including our own, has linked MeDi adherence with slower cognitive decline and reduced risk of AD 5 – 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mediterranean diet adherence and rate of cerebral Aβ-amyloid accumulation: Data from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Study of Ageing

Rainey-Smith

Gardener

et al. 2018

Transl Psychiatry

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Accumulating research has linked Mediterranean diet (MeDi) adherence with slower cognitive decline and reduced Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. However, no study to-date has examined the relationship between MeDi adherence and accumulation of cerebral Aβ-amyloid (Aβ; a pathological hallmark of AD) in older adults. Cognitively normal healthy control participants of the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) Study of Ageing completed the Cancer Council of Victoria Food Frequency Questionnaire at baseline, which was used to construct a MeDi score for each participant (score range 0–9; higher score indicating higher adherence). Cerebral Aβ load was quantified by Pittsburgh Compound B positron emission tomography at baseline, 18 and 36 months: Only individuals categorised as “Aβ accumulators”, and thus considered to be on the AD pathway, were included in the analysis (N = 77). The relationship between MeDi adherence, MeDi components, and change in cerebral Aβ load (baseline to 36 months) was evaluated using Generalised Linear Modelling, accounting for age, gender, education, Apolipoprotein E ε4 allele status, body mass index and total energy intake. Higher MeDi score was associated with less Aβ accumulation in our cohort (β = −0.01 ± 0.004, p = 0.0070). Of the individual MeDi score components, a high intake of fruit was associated with less accumulation of Aβ (β = −0.04 ± 0.01, p = 0.00036). Our results suggest MeDi adherence is associated with reduced cerebral AD pathology accumulation over time. When our results are considered collectively with previous data linking the MeDi to slower cognitive decline, it is apparent that MeDi adherence warrants further investigation in the quest to delay AD onset.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean diet adherence and rate of cerebral Aβ-amyloid accumulation: Data from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Study of Ageing

Rainey-Smith

Gardener

et al. 2018

Transl Psychiatry

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“…87 An improved diet is an indispensable component of lifestyle interventions to reduce the future risk of type 2 diabetes, and the Mediterranean diet can reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes or cardiovascular disease in at-risk subjects. 88,89 However, dietary habits varied considerably among people with or without diabetes in a survey in six Mediterranean countries 90 and people in these countries tend to 'westernised' these diets, for example, by addition of meat and omission of fruit, 91 which may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. 92 Interestingly, rates of obesity in these countries was lower than the typically 80% prevalence seen in populations in Western countries with diabetes.…”

Section: Urgent Need For Effective Lifestyle Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediabetes management in the Middle East, Africa and Russia: Current status and call for action

Khalil

Abdelaziz

Shammary

et al. 2019

Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research

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Most data on the burden of diabetes and prediabetes are from countries where local infrastructure can support reliable estimates of the burden of non-communicable diseases. Countries in the Middle East and Africa, together with Russia, have a total population of almost 2 billion, but have been relatively overlooked by authors in this field. We reviewed the prevalence and drivers of prediabetes and diabetes across this large region. A large, and variable, burden of dysglycaemia exists, especially in Middle Eastern and North African countries, associated with high levels of obesity and sedentariness, with a generally lower prevalence in most other parts of Africa. The design and size of studies are highly variable, and more research to quantify the scale of the problem is needed. Local barriers to care relating to issues concerned with gender, consanguinity, lack of understanding of diabetes, lack of understanding of obesity as a health issue, and limited resource at a national level for tracking and intervention for diabetes and other non-communicable diseases. Lifestyle interventions with proven local cost-effectiveness, enhanced access to pharmacologic intervention, and societal interventions to promote better diet and more activity will be an important element in strategies to combat these adverse trends.

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“…Another longitudinal study has also reported lower 10-year incidence of T2D and CVD events in prediabetic individuals who had a higher adherence to MD components [43]. However, OO was part of 11 other components in the 55-score Greek MD scales used in the latter compared with OO being part of 9 other components in the Spanish 14-item MD scale used in the PREDIMED followup study [44,6].…”

Section: Olive Oil T2d Preventative Benefits Longitudinally Independmentioning

confidence: 96%

Olive Oil and Diabetes: From Molecules to Lifestyle Disease Prevention

Alkhatib¹,

Tsang²,

Tuomilehto³

2018

Preprint

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Lifestyle is the primary prevention of diabetes, especially type-2 diabetes (T2D). Nutritional intake of olive oil (OO), the key Mediterranean diet component has been associated with the prevention and management of many chronic diseases including T2D. Several OO bioactive compounds such as monounsaturated fatty acids, and key polyphenols including hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein, have been associated with preventing inflammation and cytokine-induced oxidative damage, glucose lowering, reducing carbohydrate absorption and increasing insulin sensitivity and related gene expression. However, research into the interaction of OO nutraceuticals with lifestyle components, especially physical activity is lacking. Promising postprandial effects have been reported when OO or other similar monounsaturated fatty acids was the main dietary fat compared with other diets. Animal studies have shown a potential anabolic effect of oleuropein. Such effects could be further potentiated via exercise, especially strength training, which is an essential exercise prescription for individuals with T2D. There is also an evidence from in vitro, animal and limited human studies for a dual preventative role of OO polyphenols in diabetes and cancer, especially that they share similar risk factors. Putative anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms and associated gene expressions resulting from OO phenolics, have produced paradoxical results making suggested inferences from dual prevention T2D and cancer outcomes difficult. Well-designed human interventions and clinical trials are needed to decipher such a potential dual anti-cancer and anti-diabetic effects of OO nutraceuticals. Exercise combined with OO consumption, individually or as part of a healthy diet is likely to induce reciprocal action for T2D prevention outcomes.

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Mediterranean Diet and 10-year (2002-2012) Incidence of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease in Participants with Prediabetes: The ATTICA study

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

Mediterranean diet adherence and rate of cerebral Aβ-amyloid accumulation: Data from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Study of Ageing

Mediterranean diet adherence and rate of cerebral Aβ-amyloid accumulation: Data from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Study of Ageing

Prediabetes management in the Middle East, Africa and Russia: Current status and call for action

Olive Oil and Diabetes: From Molecules to Lifestyle Disease Prevention

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