Mediterranean diet and health

Abstract

Over the last decades, a considerable body of evidence supported the hypothesis that diet and dietary factors play a relevant role in the occurrence of diseases. To date, all the major scientific associations as well as the World Health Organization and the nonscientific organizations place an ever-increasing emphasis on the role of diet in preventing noncommunicable diseases. Many studies have evaluated the associations between food groups, foods, or nutrients and chronic diseases, and a consensus about the role of nutritional factors in the etiology of common diseases, such as cardiovascular and neoplastic diseases, has gradually emerged. Indeed, data from analytical and experimental studies indicated a relation between increased consumption of some food categories such as fruits and vegetables, fiber and whole grains, fish, and moderate consumption of alcohol and reduced risk of major chronic degenerative diseases, whereas increased total caloric intake, body weight, meat, and fats are associated with greater risk. However, the appropriate dietary strategy to prevent chronic degenerative diseases remains a challenging and a highly relevant issue. Recently, Mediterranean diet has been extensively reported to be associated with a favorable health outcome and a better quality of life. In the present review, we encompass the updated evidence of the beneficial effects of Mediterranean diet in the occurrence of major chronic degenerative diseases.

Evidencia actual sobre los beneficios de la dieta mediterránea en salud

“…Los factores dietéticos pueden modificar el perfil de riesgo poblacional para enfermedades crónicas y la hipótesis que asocia una dieta adecuada con salud cardiovascular ha ganado cada vez mayor aceptación en el mundo científico 1 . La dieta mediterránea (DMed) es considerada uno de los patrones dietarios con mayor evidencia científica acumulada en cuanto a sus beneficios en salud humana, siendo cada vez mayor el interés del mundo científico en el estudio de su rol preventivo y como tratamiento en diversas patologías asociadas a inflamación crónica, como síndrome metabólico (SM), diabetes, enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV), enfermedades neurodegenerativas y cáncer, entre otras 2 . De hecho, en las últimas décadas, el número de publicaciones en el tema ha crecido en forma exponencial, alcanzando cerca de 500 artículos en Pubmed en el año 2014 (Figura 1).…”

Current Mediterranean Diet and Potential Health Effects: Review

“…Toplumlara farklı türlerde tıbbi beslenme tedavisi ilkeleri önerilmiş olmakla birlikte, dikkati en çok Akdeniz diyeti çekmektedir. 13 1960'lı yıllardan beri Akdeniz diyeti önemli sağlık etkileri nedeni ile ilgi odağı olmuştur. 1 …”

“…3 Akdeniz diyeti, hafif şişmanlık ve şişmanlığın önlenmesi ve düzeltilmesi konularında ilgi görmektedir. 2,13 Şişmanlık ve Akdeniz diyeti ile ilgili potansiyel ters ilişki mekanizmaları aşağıda açıklanmıştır: Diyet Posası Ayrıca, çiğneme tükürük salgısı ve gastrik asit üretimini artırır ve böylece gastrik distansiyon artar. Ek olarak, posadan zengin besinler fazla miktarda su içermektedir.…”

Healthy Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Breast Cancer: A Review of Current Data

“…Adherence to Mediterranean diet has been investigated as a protective factor against some non-communicable chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and many type of cancer (18). Although some studies showed that Mediterranean diet decrease the risk of breast cancer, the association of Mediterranean dietary pattern and the incidence of breast cancer is controversial.…”