Mediterranean waters along and across the Strait of Gibraltar, characterization and zonal modification

Naranjo, Cristina; Sammartino, Simone; García‐Lafuente, Jesús; Bellanco, M.J.; Taupier‐Letage, Isabelle

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2015.08.003

Cited by 32 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…The asymmetric gene flow detected in the peacock blenny is counterintuitive to expectations based on the prevalent out-of-Mediterranean surface currents (Naranjo et al 2015). We posit that the unidirectional dispersal direction, also observed in other species (Alberto et al 2008;Xavier et al 2011) is disproportionally affected by sporadic storms that alter near-shore counter-currents (Relvas & Barton, 2002) and surface wind patterns rather than yearly or decadal averages of oceanographic conditions.…”

Section: Model Evaluationcontrasting

confidence: 56%

Peer Review #1 of "Asymmetrical dispersal and putative isolation-by-distance of an intertidal blenniid across the Atlantic–Mediterranean divide (v0.1)"

2017

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Transition zones are of high evolutionary interest because unique patterns of spatial variation are often retained. Here, we investigated the phylogeography of the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo, a small marine intertidal fish that inhabits rocky habitats of the Mediterranean and the adjacent Atlantic Ocean. We screened 170 individuals using mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data from eight locations. Four models of genetic structure were tested: panmixia, isolation-by-distance, secondary contact and phylogeographic break. Results indicated clear asymmetric migration from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic but only marginally supported the isolation-by-distance model. Additionally, the species displays an imprint of demographic expansion compatible with the last glacial maximum. Although existence of a refugium in the Mediterranean cannot be discarded, the ancestral lineage most likely originated in the Atlantic, where most of the genetic diversity occurs.

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Section: Model Evaluationcontrasting

confidence: 56%

Peer Review #1 of "Asymmetrical dispersal and putative isolation-by-distance of an intertidal blenniid across the Atlantic–Mediterranean divide (v0.1)"

2017

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“…A noteworthy remark regarding this issue is the notable tidal mixing underwent by the MWs, while a small fraction of the overlying North Atlantic Central Water (NACW) is entrained by the MOW as it flows past the main sill of Camarinal (CS, Figure ) [ Sánchez‐Garrido et al ., ; Wesson and Gregg , ]. The last makes the MWs undistinguishable when they reach ES [ García‐Lafuente et al ., ; Naranjo et al ., ]. In particular, the typical hook‐shaped signature of the WMT in the interior of the WMb will most probably be lost at ES.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent changes (2004–2016) of temperature and salinity in the Mediterranean outflow

Naranjo

García‐Lafuente

Sammartino

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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Temperature and salinity series near the seafloor at Espartel Sill (Strait of Gibraltar) have been used to analyze the thermohaline variability of the Mediterranean outflow. The series shows temperature drops by the end of most winters/early springs, which are the remote response to Western Mediterranean Deep Water (WMDW) formation events in the Gulf of Lion that uplift old WMDW nearby the strait. This process distorts the seasonal cycle of colder/warmer water flowing out in summer/winter likely linked to the seasonality of the Western Alborán Gyre. The series shows positive trends in agreement with previous values, which are largely increased after 2013. It is tentatively interpreted as the Western Mediterranean Transition (WMT) signature that started with the very cold winters of 2005 and 2006. It was only after the large new WMDW production of 2012 and 2013 harsh winters that WMT waters were made available to flow out of the Mediterranean Sea.

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“…1) in the eastern half of the strait (García-Lafuente et al, 2000;Naranjo et al, 2012Naranjo et al, , 2015. The severe mixing and dissipation that takes place in the Tangier Basin downstream (oceanward) of the Camarinal Sill (Wesson and Gregg, 1994;García-Lafuente et al, 2009Sánchez-Garrido et al, 2011) blurs this spatial pattern and tends to form a rather mixed outflow with little participation of entrained North At-lantic Central Water in which the Mediterranean waters are barely distinguishable Naranjo et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The instrument configuration of the monitoring station is similar to that of the lines deployed at the Camarinal Sill although it contains additional probes to measure pH and CO 2 (Flecha et al, 2015), which are not used here. More information about the station can be found in Naranjo et al (2015. As seen below, only the potential temperature measured at around 15 m above the seafloor from October 2004 to October 2015, sampled every 30 min, has been used in the present study (García-Lafuente et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Mediterranean outflow through the Strait of Gibraltar can be considered to be formed by up to four water masses of different origins (see Naranjo et al, 2015, for a recent analysis of the outflow composition). Of all the four, the Levantine Intermediate Water, characterized by an absolute maximum of salinity, and the Western Mediterranean Deep Water, which is the densest and often the coldest water, have been historically seen as the main contributors to the outflow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mediterranean outflow in the Strait of Gibraltar and its connection with upstream conditions in the Alborán Sea

García‐Lafuente

Naranjo²,

Sammartino³

et al. 2017

Ocean Sci.

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Abstract. The present study addresses the hypothesis that the Western Alborán Gyre in the Alborán Sea (the westernmost Mediterranean basin adjacent to the Strait of Gibraltar) influences the composition of the outflow through the Strait of Gibraltar. The process invoked is that strong and welldeveloped gyres help to evacuate the Western Mediterranean Deep Water from the Alborán basin, thus increasing its presence in the outflow, whereas weak gyres facilitate the outflow of Levantine and other intermediate waters. To this aim, in situ observations collected at the Camarinal (the main) and Espartel (the westernmost) sills of the strait have been analysed along with altimetry data, which were employed to obtain a proxy of the strength of the gyre. An encouraging correlation of the expected sign was observed between the time series of potential temperature at the Espartel Sill, which is shown to keep information on the outflow composition, and the proxy of the Western Alborán Gyre, suggesting the correctness of the hypothesis, although the weakness of the involved signals does not allow for drawing definitive conclusions.

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Mediterranean waters along and across the Strait of Gibraltar, characterization and zonal modification

Cited by 32 publications

References 54 publications

Peer Review #1 of "Asymmetrical dispersal and putative isolation-by-distance of an intertidal blenniid across the Atlantic–Mediterranean divide (v0.1)"

Peer Review #1 of "Asymmetrical dispersal and putative isolation-by-distance of an intertidal blenniid across the Atlantic–Mediterranean divide (v0.1)"

Recent changes (2004–2016) of temperature and salinity in the Mediterranean outflow

The Mediterranean outflow in the Strait of Gibraltar and its connection with upstream conditions in the Alborán Sea

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