Medium chain triglyceride and medium-and long chain triglyceride: metabolism, production, health impacts and its applications – a review

Lee, Yee Ying; Tang, Teck‐Kim; Chan, Eng Seng; Phuah, Eng‐Tong; Lai, Oi‐Ming; Tan, Chin Ping; Wang, Yong; Karim, Nur Azwani Ab; Dian, Noorlida Habi Mat; Tan, Joo Shun

doi:10.1080/10408398.2021.1873729

Cited by 73 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 88 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hence, the MCT/LCT system exhibited an unstable tendency owing to the preferential hydrolysis of MCT during the initial few minutes. 15 For the digestion of LCT, the LCFA molecules tend to accumulate at the droplet surfaces and inhibit further digestion of the LCT molecules. For MCT/ LCT, the relative content of the LCT molecules was significantly higher than in STG.…”

Section: Digestion Rate Of the Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 Compared with single-type MCT or LCT, MLCT combines the advantages of MCT and LCT, not only providing the body with fat and energy, but also the essential fatty acids (FAs) required to maintain various functions of the human body. 14,15 In general, MLCT is classified into two types: a physical mixture of MCT and LCT (MCT/LCT) or structured lipid (STG). MCT/ LCT and STG have almost the same fatty acid (FA) composition despite some differences, including the FA position within a glycerol molecule and the physicochemical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Medium and long-chain structured triacylglycerol enhances vitamin D bioavailability in an emulsion-based delivery system: combination of in vitro and in vivo studies

Guo

Zhang

et al. 2022

Food Funct.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Digestion Rate Of the Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medium and long-chain structured triacylglycerol enhances vitamin D bioavailability in an emulsion-based delivery system: combination of in vitro and in vivo studies

Guo

Zhang

et al. 2022

Food Funct.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…MCTs belong to the group of triglycerides, containing predominantly, caprylic (C 8 ) and capric (C 10 ) fatty acids with lesser amounts of caproic (C 6 ) and lauric (C 12 ) fatty acids. The ability of MCT to control immune response is due to the reduction of the antigen absorption and availability in the blood as it bypasses the mesenteric lymph and directly enters the portal blood (Lee et al, 2021). In cosmetic formulations, Sunflower oil enhances skin barrier function and prevents invasive bacterial infections and local lipid production, reducing inflammation, activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha, promoting wound healing, and promotion of apoptosis in malignant cells (Stoia & Oancea, 2015).…”

Section: Oils In Nanoemulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on green nanoemulsions for cosmetic applications with special emphasis on microbial surfactants as impending emulsifying agents

Singh

Kapila

Ganesan

et al. 2022

J Surfact & Detergents

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nanoemulsions are being increasingly utilized in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food industries. They have gained special attention in the cosmetic sector owing to their smaller size and higher kinetic stability and their ability to improve the cutaneous penetration of active ingredients. In addition, they reduce transepidermal water loss, which augments the skin's barrier function. In recent years, the increased awareness among consumers about the health-linked benefits of natural ingredients in cosmetics has urged finding green cosmetic ingredients that are benign to the skin. One of the natural motivations for this quest is finding suitable emulsifier candidates with negligible side effects that are sourced from plants or microbes, which can serve as viable replacements to the erstwhile used synthetic surfactants. Formulating a stable nanoemulsion system for cosmetic application entails a systematic understanding of important attributes of the surfactant candidate such as critical micelle concentration, hydrophilic lipophilic balance, critical packing parameter, and Winsor ratio that are pivotal to the overall performance of the emulsion system. The current review attempts to portray the salient features of nanoemulsion systems in cosmetic formulations, by essentially capturing the important characteristics of the emulsifier that dictate the overall stability of a nanoemulsion system. The recent transition toward the use of green ingredients such as emulsifiers and oils that are dermatologically safe has been delineated, by highlighting their important properties. Furthermore, the progress made so far in the application of microbial biosurfactants in nanoemulsion formulations is presented. Finally, the factors that dictate the overall stability of the nanoemulsion are briefly reviewed.

show abstract

“…Another consequence of MCFAs (MLCT or MCT) being easily oxidized is the effects on body fat accumulation and obesity, which have been well demonstrated in animal and clinical trials ( 67 – 69 ). MCFAs may enhance mitochondrial function, lipid oxidation, and thermogenesis by modulating cellular signaling and regulating key circulating metabolites and hormones ( 70 ).…”

Section: Lipid Metabolism Of Medium-chain Fatty Acids In Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role Medium-Chain Fatty Acids in the Lipid Metabolism of Infants

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human breastmilk, the ideal food for healthy infants, naturally contains a high concentration of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs, about 15% of total fatty acids). MCFAs are an important energy source for infants due to their unique digestive and metabolic properties. MCFA-enriched oils are widely used in an infant formula, especially the formula produced for preterm infants. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the triglyceride structure of MCFAs in human milk, their metabolism, and their effects on infant health. This study summarized the MCFA composition and structure in both human milk and infant formula. Recent studies on the nutritional effects of MCFAs on infant gut microbiota have been reviewed. Special attention was given to the MCFAs digestion and metabolism in the infants. This paper aims to provide insights into the optimization of formulations to fulfill infant nutritional requirements.

show abstract

Medium chain triglyceride and medium-and long chain triglyceride: metabolism, production, health impacts and its applications – a review

Cited by 73 publications

References 88 publications

Medium and long-chain structured triacylglycerol enhances vitamin D bioavailability in an emulsion-based delivery system: combination of in vitro and in vivo studies

Medium and long-chain structured triacylglycerol enhances vitamin D bioavailability in an emulsion-based delivery system: combination of in vitro and in vivo studies

A review on green nanoemulsions for cosmetic applications with special emphasis on microbial surfactants as impending emulsifying agents

Role Medium-Chain Fatty Acids in the Lipid Metabolism of Infants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About