Meeting the challenge of stevioside production in the hairy roots of Stevia rebaudiana by probing the underlying process

Singh

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

Self Cite

Tissue specific biosynthesis of secondary metabolites is a distinguished feature of medicinal plants. Withania somnifera, source of pharmaceutically important withanolides biosynthesizes withaferin-A in leaves and withanolide-A in roots. To increase the in planta withanolides production, a sustainable approach needs to be explored. Here, we isolated endophytes from different parts of W. somnifera plants and their promising role in in planta withanolide biosynthesis was established in both in-vivo grown as well in in-vitro raised composite W. somnifera plants. Overall, the fungal endophytes improved photosynthesis, plant growth and biomass, and the root-associated bacterial endophytes enhanced the withanolide content in both in-vivo and in-vitro grown plants by modulating the expression of withanolide biosynthesis genes in leaves and roots. Surprisingly, a few indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-producing and nitrogen-fixing root-associated endophytes could induce the biosynthesis of withaferin-A in roots by inducing in planta IAA-production and upregulating the expression of withanolide biosynthesis genes especially MEP-pathway genes (DXS and DXR) in roots as well. Results indicate the role of endophytes in modulating the synthesis and site of withanolides production and the selected endophytes can be used for enhancing the in planta withanolide production and enriching roots with pharmaceutically important withaferin-A which is generally absent in roots.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytes of Withania somnifera modulate in planta content and the site of withanolide biosynthesis

Singh

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

Self Cite

Reference Series in Phytochemistry

“…Moreover, root growth is an absolute requirement for net nicotine production. The production of nicotine from HRCs of Nicotiana was reported by several researchers [413][414][415][416][417][418]. The nicotine content of plant leaves and leaf-derived calli of the four tobacco cultivars (namely, Burley 21, LA-Burley 21, NC-95, and LAFC-53) has been reported by Kinnersley and Dougall [419] which showed a very high positive correlation between the nicotine contents of the calli and the plants from which calli were derived.…”

Section: Sm Production In Untransformed Shoot Cultures and Micropropamentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Nondifferentiated callus and cell suspension cultures showed very low SG accumulation which also varied greatly during the growth cycle of the culture and somehow correlated with morphogenic structures and shoot formation [401]. Trace or no SGs have been reported in the callus and cell suspension culture [315,401], etiolated in vitro regenerants, callus culture grown in the light, etiolated heterotrophic callus [411], HRC [412,413], and in vitro root culture [351] of S. rebaudiana. However, SGs have been detected in the leaf-derived callus cultures [414] and callus and cell suspension culture treated with salts (NaCl and Na 2 CO 3 ), proline or polyethylene glycol [313,314].…”

Section: Sm Production In Untransformed Shoot Cultures and Micropropamentioning

confidence: 97%

Morphogenesis, Genetic Stability, and Secondary Metabolite Production in Untransformed and Transformed Cultures

Halder¹,

Jha²

2020

In addition to the primary metabolites, plants produce a vast number of chemically diversified economically valuable secondary metabolites (SMs) in specific cell types or tissue or organ of phylogenetically related family or genus or species or even to a single chemical race under tight environmental, developmental, and genetic control. Some SMs such as morphine and codeine are only synthesized in a particular organized and differentiated tissue or organ.

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

“…In the study concerning the first attempt to produce HR by stevia plants, SvGs have not been detected in the transformed tissue (Yamazaki and Flores 1991). In the studies by Pandey et al 2016, the presence of stevioside has not been noted in either HR or in the culture medium; however differences in the ability of stevioside production have been noted between hairy root clones growing in the same conditions. On the other hand, in a recently published report (Libik-Konieczny et al 2020), the production of different SvGls in HR cultured under all tested conditions has been observed; however their profile depends on the level of oxidative stress in HR tissues and applied stress factor in the culture medium.…”

Section: Hairy Roots Production and Organogenesis Induction From Transformed Tissuementioning

confidence: 96%

Synthesis and production of steviol glycosides: recent research trends and perspectives

Libik-Konieczny

Capecka

Tuleja

et al. 2021

Steviol glycosides (SvGls) are plant secondary metabolites belonging to a class of chemical compounds known as diterpenes. SvGls have been discovered only in a few plant species, including in the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Over the last few decades, SvGls have been extensively researched for their extraordinary sweetness. As a result, the nutritional and pharmacological benefits of these secondary metabolites have grown increasingly apparent. In the near future, SvGls may become a basic, low-calorie, and potent sweetener in the growing natural foods market, and a natural anti-diabetic remedy, a highly competitive alternative to commercially available synthetic drugs. Commercial cultivation of stevia plants and the technologies of SvGls extraction and purification from plant material have already been introduced in many countries. However, new conventional and biotechnological solutions are still being sought to increase the level of SvGls in plants. Since many aspects related to the biochemistry and metabolism of SvGls in vivo, as well as their relationship to the overall physiology of S. rebaudiana are not yet understood, there is also a great need for in-depth scientific research on this topic. Such research may have positive impact on optimization of the profile and SvGls concentration in plants and thus lead to obtaining desired yield. This research summarizes the latest approaches and developments in SvGls production. Key points • Steviol glycosides (SvGls) are found in nature in S. rebaudiana plants. • They exhibit nutraceutical properties. • This review provides an insight on different approaches to produce SvGls. • The areas of research that still need to be explored have been identified.