Melamine contamination and associated health risks: Gut microbiota does make a difference

Rajpoot, Meenakshi; Bhattacharya, Rajasri; Sharma, Sheenam; Gupta, Sumeet; Sharma, Varruchi; Sharma, Anil Kumar

doi:10.1002/bab.2050

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Melamine (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine) is generally used in the production of melamine-formaldehyde resins. There is a history of adulteration of milk with melamine to inflate protein levels, so monitoring its presence and concentration in milk products is necessary as high levels of melamine can cause kidney damage and even death . High levels of melamine ingestion through food or milk can be detrimental to the urinary and reproductive systems and leads to bladder stones or even bladder cancer .…”

Section: Application Of Electrochemical Sensors To Milk Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently one of the main quality concerns for the industry is the risk of contaminants in milk and dairy products, such as medical residues (e.g., antibiotics, hormones), − adulterants (e.g., melamine, − hydrogen peroxide, − baking soda, urea, washing soda, salt, unclean water), , pathogens (e.g., bacteria, fungus, etc. ), surfactants (e.g., sodium dodecylbenzene sulfate, 4-nonylphenol), furfural, bisphenol A, , toxins (e.g., aflatoxin, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Methods for the Analysis of Milk

Motshakeri

Sharma

Phillips

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The milk and dairy industries are some of the most profitable sectors in many countries. This business requires close control of product quality and continuous testing to ensure the safety of the consumers. The potential risk of contaminants or degradation products and undesirable chemicals necessitates the use of fast, reliable detection tools to make immediate production decisions. This review covers studies on the application of electrochemical methods to milk (i.e., voltammetric and amperometric) to quantify different analytes, as reported over the last 10 to 15 years. The review covers a wide range of analytes, including allergens, antioxidants, organic compounds, nitrogen-and aldehyde containing compounds, biochemicals, heavy metals, hydrogen peroxide, nitrite, and endocrine disruptors. The review also examines pretreatment procedures applied to milk samples and the use of novel sensor materials. Final perspectives are provided on the future of cost-effective and easy-to-use electrochemical sensors and their advantages over conventional methods.

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Section: Application Of Electrochemical Sensors To Milk Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Methods for the Analysis of Milk

Motshakeri

Sharma

Phillips

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Products made of melamine-formaldehyde plastic can also be found in food as a result of use in materials, including box coatings, paper, cardboard, and adhesives (Ebner et al, 2020). It is illegally used in food or feed products to increase the content of the false protein (Rajpoot et al, 2020).…”

Section: Bisphenol Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Disruptors in Baby Formulas: A Literature Review

Yeşildemir

Akdevelioğlu

2021

SJAFS

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Baby formulas are foods designed and marketed for feeding babies. The use of baby formulas is increasing worldwide due to various reasons. In parallel, there is increasing concern about endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in baby formulas. EDCs cover a large class of compounds able to interact with the endocrine system. EDCs can disrupt many different hormones, so they are linked to numerous adverse outcomes in human health. Babies are more sensitive to environmental toxins than adults. In this review, the type and amount of some EDCs in the composition of baby formulas in addition to their effects on health are examined. The evaluation of EDCs in baby formulas, which are considered a source for EDCs, has become necessary. Soy-based baby formulas are seen as a source of phytoestrogens for newborns. Organohalogens are high in especially milk-based. Pesticides are generally below the maximum limits. Phthalate levels vary depending on the package content of baby formulas. The phthalate level is higher in formulas with metal packaging. Although bisphenol A (BPA) exposure decreases with the spread of BPA-free packaging, it should be kept in mind that even very low exposures can cause significant health problems. With strict legal regulations, melamine exposure has decreased considerably. Given the susceptibility of babies to EDCs, it is essential to closely monitor the EDCs content of baby formulas.

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“…Cancer is attributed to the unregulated and uncontrolled division of cells, which may become malignant and spread into the neighboring tissues of the body. Genetic changes are encountered at the DNA level when cancer becomes malignant (Rajpoot et al 2021). In the current scenario, breast cancer is known to affect one in every eight women during their life span worldwide (Momenimovahed and Salehiniya 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-silico designing of a potent ligand molecule against PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) implicated in Breast Cancer

Raghav

Sharma²,

Gupta

et al. 2022

J Exp Bio & Ag Sci

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Breast cancer has been attributed to be the second most common malignancy in females worldwide after skin cancer associated with a significantly high mortality rate. Tumor suppressor genes have an indispensable role in maintaining genomic integrity as well as cell cycle regulation. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is one of the most frequently mutated human tumor suppressor genes, implicated in cell growth, survival, and suppressing tumor formation. As the tumor progresses to more advanced stages, genetic alterations tend to increase one such alteration is the mutation of the PTEN gene which is linked to programmed cell death and maintenance of cell cycle regulation. There is a syndrome known as Cowden syndrome associated with a high risk of breast cancer which is a result of an outcome of germline mutations in the PTEN gene. Loss of PTEN activity, either at the protein or genomic level, has been related to many primary and metastatic malignancies including breast cancer. This study focuses on developing a potential bioavailable ligand inhibitory molecule for PTEN, using a computer-aided drug design approach (CADD). A library of developed ligands consisting of 50 potential molecules was screened to find a potential candidate to be used for second generation drug development. Among them, LIG28 was adjudged as the most effective and potential PTEN inhibitor given its maximum binding affinity of ΔG -5.96Kcal/mole with a lower RMSD value. Carmer’s Rule of toxicity further revealed the compatibility and non-toxicity of the molecule. These observations underscore the importance of PTEN as a target in the development of tumorigenesis and the prognosis of breast cancer.

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Melamine contamination and associated health risks: Gut microbiota does make a difference

Cited by 14 publications

References 79 publications

Electrochemical Methods for the Analysis of Milk

Electrochemical Methods for the Analysis of Milk

Endocrine Disruptors in Baby Formulas: A Literature Review

In-silico designing of a potent ligand molecule against PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) implicated in Breast Cancer

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