Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress Induced by Chronic Exposure of Microwave Radiation from Mobile Phones in Rat Brain

Sokolović, Dušan; Djindjić, Boris; Nikolić, Jelena S.; Bjelaković, Goran; Pavlović, Dušica; Kocić, Gordana; Krstić, Dejan; Cvetković, Tatjana; Pavlović, Voja

doi:10.1269/jrr.07077

Cited by 112 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…XO has previously been reported to be increased in brain tissue after seven days of exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field [5]. In an earlier publication, the current authors also reported an XO increase in brain tissue after 40 and 60 days of exposure to MWs [7]. As far as the authors are aware, changes in XO activity in testicular tissue exposed to MWs have not previously been reported.…”

Section: Microwaves and Oxidative Stress In Testicular Tissuementioning

confidence: 51%

“…Malondialdehyde (MDA) increases and changes in catalase activity in testes, kidneys and skin have previously been reported after exposure to MWs [4][5][6]. Xanthine oxidase (XO), an enzyme able to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), is reported to be elevated in the brain tissue after exposure to MWs [5,7]. Secondary products of lipid peroxidation, particularly MDA, have large-scale cytotoxic effects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Melatonin on Oxidative Stress Parameters and DNA Fragmentation in Testicular Tissue of Rats Exposed to Microwave Radiation

Djordjević¹,

Kocić²,

Stoimenov³

et al. 2015

Adv Clin Exp Med

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Background. Microwaves from mobile phones are one of the environmental toxicants that are capable of compromising male fertility by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis in the testes. Melatonin is a lipophilic tryptophan indole amine and a potent antioxidant. Objectives. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of melatonin treatment on oxidative stress parameters and DNA fragmentation in the testicular tissue of rats exposed to microwave radiation (4 h/day). Material and Methods. Adult Wistar rats were divided in 4 groups: I -treated with saline; II -treated with melatonin; III -exposed to microwaves; IV -exposed to microwaves and treated with melatonin. The melatonin (2 mg/kg ip) was administered daily. The animals were sacrificed after 20, 40 and 60 days. Results. Melatonin treatment prevented previously registered increases in malondialdehyde after only 20 days. Furthermore, it reversed the effects of microwave exposure on xanthine oxidase (after 40 days) and acid-DNase activity (after 20 days). However, neither protein carbonyl content nor catalase and alkaline Dnase activity were changed due to melatonin treatment. Conclusions. Melatonin exerts potent antioxidant effects in the testes of rats exposed to microwaves by decreasing the intensity of oxidative stress; it also reduces DNA fragmentation (Adv Clin Exp Med 2015, 24, 3, 429-436).

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Section: Microwaves and Oxidative Stress In Testicular Tissuementioning

confidence: 51%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Melatonin on Oxidative Stress Parameters and DNA Fragmentation in Testicular Tissue of Rats Exposed to Microwave Radiation

Djordjević¹,

Kocić²,

Stoimenov³

et al. 2015

Adv Clin Exp Med

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“…The exposure condition in our study, or what is called whole-body exposure system, was similarly used by other researchers who did not apply the MPs directly to the animal heads. 22 We did not apply this head-only exposure in this study as this model has obviously some intrinsic limitations. First, owing to the much smaller body size of the rabbit, the ratio of the head to the whole-body specific absorption rate is very different in rabbits compared with humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spite of these obvious differences in the exposure protocol, a negative effect of MPs was shown in our current study and that of the researchers who applied a quite similar protocol. 22 A large body of evidence has implicated the testosterone and dopamine in the control of male sexual behavior in rabbits and other vertebrate species. 23,24 Testosterone has a key role in initiating and maintaining the sexual behavior in males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large number of studies have reported the occurrence of oxidative stress in brain tissues with the use of MPs with a similar carrier frequency and the same animal model 29 or other close rodents such as rats. 22 Third, the same group of MP animals represented the subjects of another two studies. Both indicated the negative influence of MPs on testicular function and structure 7 and semen fructose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of exposure to a mobile phone on sexual behavior in adult male rabbit: an observational study

Salama

Kishimoto²,

Kanayama³

et al. 2009

Int J Impot Res

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The accumulating effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted by a conventional mobile phone (MP) on male sexual behaviour have not yet been analyzed. Therefore, we studied these effects in 18 male rabbits that were randomly divided into phone and control groups. Six female teasers were taken successively to the male's cage and the copulatory behavior was recorded. Serum total testosterone, dopamine and cortisol were evaluated. The animals of the phone group were exposed to MPs (800 MHz) in a standby position for 8 h daily for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, the copulatory behavior and hormonal assays were re-evaluated. Mounts without ejaculation were the main mounts in the phone group and its duration and frequency increased significantly compared with the controls, whereas the reverse was observed in its mounts with ejaculation. Ejaculation frequency dropped significantly, biting/grasping against teasers increased notably and mounting latency in accumulated means from the first to the fourth teasers were noted in the phone group. The hormonal assays did not show any significant differences between the study groups. Therefore, the pulsed radiofrequency emitted by a conventional MP, which was kept on a standby position, could affect the sexual behavior in the rabbit.

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Incidence of micronuclei in human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to modulated and unmodulated 2450 MHz radiofrequency fields

Vijayalaxmi

Reddy

McKenzie

et al. 2013

Bioelectromagnetics

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Peripheral blood samples from four healthy volunteers were collected and aliquots were exposed in vitro for 2 h to either (i) modulated (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA) or unmodulated continuous wave (CW) 2450 MHz radiofrequency (RF) fields at an average specific absorption rate of 10.9 W/kg or (ii) sham-exposed. Aliquots of the same samples that were exposed in vitro to an acute dose of 1.5 Gy ionizing gamma-radiation (GR) were used as positive controls. Half of the aliquots were treated with melatonin (Mel) to investigate if such treatment offers protection to the cells from the genetic damage, if any, induced by RF and GR. The cells in all samples were cultured for 72 h and the lymphocytes were examined to determine the extent of genetic damage assessed from the incidence of micronuclei (MN). The results indicated the following: (i) the incidence of MN was similar in incubator controls, and those exposed to RF/sham and Mel alone; (ii) there were no significant differences between WCDMA and CW RF exposures; (iii) positive control cells exposed to GR alone exhibited significantly increased MN; and (iv) Mel treatment had no effect on cells exposed to RF and sham, while such treatment significantly reduced the frequency of MN in GR-exposed cells.

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Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress Induced by Chronic Exposure of Microwave Radiation from Mobile Phones in Rat Brain

Abstract: We demonstrated two important findings; that mobile phones caused oxidative damage biochemically by increasing the levels of MDA, carbonyl groups, XO activity and decreasing CAT activity; and that treatment with the melatonin significantly prevented oxidative damage in the brain.

Cited by 112 publications

References 40 publications

The Effects of Melatonin on Oxidative Stress Parameters and DNA Fragmentation in Testicular Tissue of Rats Exposed to Microwave Radiation

The Effects of Melatonin on Oxidative Stress Parameters and DNA Fragmentation in Testicular Tissue of Rats Exposed to Microwave Radiation

Effects of exposure to a mobile phone on sexual behavior in adult male rabbit: an observational study

Incidence of micronuclei in human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to modulated and unmodulated 2450 MHz radiofrequency fields

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