Melioidosis in a Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Truncatus) After a Hurricane in the Caribbean Islands

Canales, Rocio; Sanchez-Okrucky, Roberto; Bustamante, Lilian; Vences, Maria; Dennis, Michelle M.

doi:10.1638/2019-0050

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As melioidosis progresses, the body temperature rises gradually in parallel with the emergence of symptoms of respiratory infection, which may result in death if left untreated. [12][13][14] Burkholderia pseudomallei is a highly motile, saprophytic, environmental bacterium that extensively exists in water, soil, and air and can cause melioidosis in humans when damaged skin or mucous membrane lining of the respiratory tract is exposed to contaminated water, soil or air. 15,16 Antibiotic therapy is currently the mainstay of clinical treatment for melioidosis patients, which has remarkably improved the survival rate and prognosis of melioidosis patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A clinical study on clinical features,manifestations and drug resistance of melioidosis

Huang¹,

Yan²,

Han³

et al. 2022

Pak J Med Sci

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Objectives: To explore the clinical features, manifestations and drug resistance of melioidosis. Methods: The clinical data of 45 melioidosis patients treated by Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University during January 2015 and January 2020 were studied. Informaiton collected included age, birthplace, area of residence, sex, ethnic group, clinical symptoms or signs, colony culture results, degree of drug resistance, treatment regimens and outcomes, department of initial diagnosis, and specimen type, thereby giving an analysis of the clinical features, manifestations, and treatment outcomes of the disease. Body fluids were obtained from all patients to analyze the drug resistance of the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei based on colony culture and susceptibility test results. Results: In the 45 cases of melioidosis, the clinical manifestations predominantly included low fever (31.11%), pulmonary infection (22.22%); auxiliary examinations often suggested increases in C reactive protein (CRP) (73.33%), white blood cell count (#WBC) (68.89%) and procalcitonin (PCT) (66.67%); susceptibility test results showed that Burkholderia pseudomallei yielded high sensitive rate to antibacterials including trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (SXT) (88.89%),ceftazidime (CAZ)(93.33%), meropenem (MEM) (100.00%), imipenem (IPM)(100.00%); Of the 45 melioidosis patients, 23 were cured (51.11%), and 21 showed an improvement (33.33%) or remained stable (13.33%); A relatively high percentage of the patients experienced post-discharge recurrence/aggravation (recurrence within six months: 4.44%; recurrence within a year: 6.67%). Conclusions: Low fever, pulmonary infection, and increases in serum inflammatory markers are major clinical features of melioidosis. Burkholderia pseudomallei presents high resistance rates to antibacterials such as GEN, FEP, AMP, and IPM. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5506 How to cite this:Hui H, Sheng Y, Han X, Wang S, Zhang G, Wei X. A clinical study on clinical features, manifestations and drug resistance of melioidosis. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5506 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A clinical study on clinical features,manifestations and drug resistance of melioidosis

Huang¹,

Yan²,

Han³

et al. 2022

Pak J Med Sci

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“…4 Efforts are underway to verify the presence of melioidosis in some of the 34 countries suspected from the modelling study to harbour B. pseudomallei but where it has not yet been recognized. 4 Evidence suggesting endemicity has already been obtained in some new geographies; including the Horn of Africa, 21 Federation of St. Kitts and Nevis, 22 Micronesia, 23 and Trinidad and Tobago. 24 Ascribing melioidosis endemicity can, however, be particularly difficult, since patients often have complex travel histories and latent periods of many years after infection can occur before clinical disease in some cases.…”

Section: Global Distribution and Burden Of Melioidosismentioning

confidence: 98%

A call to action: time to recognise melioidosis as a neglected tropical disease

Savelkoel

Dance

Currie

et al. 2022

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

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“…Exposure to B. pseudomallei can occur due to environmental disturbances, such as severe weather events, during which hosts are infected by aerosol inhalation, contact with contaminated waterways, or via percutaneous inoculation (Apisarnthanarak et al, 2012; Yip et al, 2015). Infectious contact may result in the development of melioidosis, a severe illness of humans and other mammals, as well as reptiles and avian species, that can manifest as septicemia, severe pneumonia, skin and soft‐tissue infections and solid organ abscesses (Canales et al, 2020; Stephens et al, 2016; Webb et al, 2020; Zehnder et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N‐acetyl‐β‐hexosaminidase activity is important for chitooligosaccharide metabolism and biofilm formation in Burkholderia pseudomallei

Moran,

Debowski,

Vrielink

et al. 2024

Environmental Microbiology

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Burkholderia pseudomallei is a saprophytic Gram‐negative bacillus that can cause the disease melioidosis. Although B. pseudomallei is a recognised member of terrestrial soil microbiomes, little is known about its contribution to the saprophytic degradation of polysaccharides within its niche. For example, while chitin is predicted to be abundant within terrestrial soils the chitinolytic capacity of B. pseudomallei is yet to be defined. This study identifies and characterises a putative glycoside hydrolase, bpsl0500, which is expressed by B. pseudomallei K96243. Recombinant BPSL0500 was found to exhibit activity against substrate analogues and GlcNAc disaccharides relevant to chitinolytic N‐acetyl‐β‐d‐hexosaminidases. In B. pseudomallei, bpsl0500 was found to be essential for both N‐acetyl‐β‐d‐hexosaminidase activity and chitooligosaccharide metabolism. Furthermore, bpsl0500 was also observed to significantly affect biofilm deposition. These observations led to the identification of BPSL0500 activity against model disaccharide linkages that are present in biofilm exopolysaccharides, a feature that has not yet been described for chitinolytic enzymes. The results in this study indicate that chitinolytic N‐acetyl‐β‐d‐hexosaminidases like bpsl0500 may facilitate biofilm disruption as well as chitin assimilation, providing dual functionality for saprophytic bacteria such as B. pseudomallei within the competitive soil microbiome.

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Melioidosis in a Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Truncatus) After a Hurricane in the Caribbean Islands

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

A clinical study on clinical features,manifestations and drug resistance of melioidosis

A clinical study on clinical features,manifestations and drug resistance of melioidosis

A call to action: time to recognise melioidosis as a neglected tropical disease

N‐acetyl‐β‐hexosaminidase activity is important for chitooligosaccharide metabolism and biofilm formation in Burkholderia pseudomallei

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