Melt amination of polypropylenes

Abstract

Amine (primary and secondary) functional polypropylenes were prepared by the melt blending of maleated polypropylenes with small diamines, including hexamethylenediamine (primary–primary diamine), p‐xylylenediamine (primary–primary diamine), and N‐hexylethylenediamine (primary–secondary diamine), at various diamine/anhydride molar ratios in a batch mixer and a twin‐screw extruder. The experimental conversion data by Fourier transform infrared nearly agreed with the assumption of a complete reaction between the primary amine and anhydride. Chain extensions of the maleated polypropylenes by the diamines were monitored by the torques during mixing and further evaluated by rheological (dynamic shear rheometry) and mechanical measurements. We show that these amino polypropylenes are very effective adhesion promoters and compatibilizers of thermoplastic polyurethanes with polypropylene. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 4217–4232, 2005

Influence of Low‐Molecular‐Weight Diamines in the Direct Imidation of Poly(propylene)‐Grafted Maleic Anhydride by Melt Reaction

“…Efforts to make base functionalized polymers have resulted in POs grafted with amine groups. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Primary amines are very attractive groups to be grafted into PP, however monomers containing primary amines are rarely used to make primary-amine-functionalized PP. [14] A way to introduce primary amine groups into PP is by reacting bifunctional compounds and maleic anhydride group grafted in PP.…”

“…[14] A way to introduce primary amine groups into PP is by reacting bifunctional compounds and maleic anhydride group grafted in PP. [13,17,18] The reaction between primary amine…”

Noncovalent compatibilization of polypropylene/MWCNT composites using an amino-pyridine grafted polypropylene matrix

“…The characteristic absorption band of the anhydride functionality can be seen at approximately 1783 cm 21 , corresponding to the symmetrical stretching of the carbonyl of the cyclic anhydride. The small peak at approximately 1714 cm 21 for the PP-g-MA is representative of symmetric stretching of the carbonyl of a carboxylic acid that can be attributed to a small portion of MA that has hydrolyzed [16,21]. Upon reaction, the complete disappearance of the anhydride absorption band and appearance of the characteristic peak for cyclic imide (1783 cm 21 , indicative of symmetrical stretching of carbonyl group of cyclic imide) confirms that the reaction was carried out to complete conversion and that aromatic moieties were grafted to the polymer chain backbone.…”

“…The small peak at approximately 1714 cm 21 for the PP-g-MA is representative of symmetric stretching of the carbonyl of a carboxylic acid that can be attributed to a small portion of MA that has hydrolyzed [16,21]. Upon reaction, the complete disappearance of the anhydride absorption band and appearance of the characteristic peak for cyclic imide (1783 cm 21 , indicative of symmetrical stretching of carbonyl group of cyclic imide) confirms that the reaction was carried out to complete conversion and that aromatic moieties were grafted to the polymer chain backbone. Figure 2 shows that the viscosities of PP-g-MA and PP-g-Py were similar, suggesting that this functionalization procedure did not affect significantly the molecular weight of the polymer.…”

“…Figure 7 shows the Raman spectra associated with the G-band for MWCNTs, as well as for PP composites with and without pyridine functionalization. The characteristic peaks of MWCNTs are at approximately 1335 (disorder induced D-band) and 1583 (G-band) cm 21 . The G-band is assigned to the tangential mode and is associated with the sp 2 -hybridized carbon network of the MWCNTs.…”