Melt Mixing as Method to Disperse Carbon Nanotubes into Thermoplastic Polymers

Pötschke, Petra; Bhattacharyya, Arup R.; Janke, Andreas; Pegel, Sven; Leonhardt, A.; Täschner, Christine; Ritschel, M.; Roth, S.; Hornbostel, B.; Čech, Jiří

doi:10.1081/fst-200039267

Cited by 108 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have the ability to promote stem cells' differentiation towards bone cells and enhance bone formation [35][36][37]. Due to their nanometer scale size, with a very high strength to weight ratio, they are very attractive as a nanoadditive to improve mechanical properties of polymers, including PLA fibres [38][39][40]. Moreover, CNT have been proven to modify electrical properties of the fibrous structures obtained via ES [24,38,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to their nanometer scale size, with a very high strength to weight ratio, they are very attractive as a nanoadditive to improve mechanical properties of polymers, including PLA fibres [38][39][40]. Moreover, CNT have been proven to modify electrical properties of the fibrous structures obtained via ES [24,38,40]. This property is important when stimulating bone tissue formation [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

PLA-Based Hybrid and Composite Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds as Potential Materials for Tissue Engineering

Magiera

Markowski

Menaszek

et al. 2017

Journal of Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the study was to manufacture poly(lactic acid)-(PLA-) based nanofibrous nonwovens that were modified using two types of modifiers, namely, gelatin-(GEL-) based nanofibres and carbon nanotubes (CNT). Hybrid nonwovens consisting of PLA and GEL nanofibres (PLA/GEL), as well as CNT-modified PLA nanofibres with GEL nanofibres (PLA + CNT/GEL), in the form of mats, were manufactured using concurrent-electrospinning technique (co-ES). The ability of such hybrid structures as potential scaffolds for tissue engineering was studied. Both types of hybrid samples and one-component PLA and CNTs-modified PLA mats were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle measurements, and biological and mechanical tests. The morphology, microstructure, and selected properties of the materials were analyzed. Biocompatibility and bioactivity in contact with normal human osteoblasts (NHOst) were studied. The coelectrospun PLA and GEL nanofibres retained their structures in hybrid samples. Both types of hybrid nonwovens were not cytotoxic and showed better osteoinductivity in comparison to scaffolds made from pure PLA. These samples also showed significantly reduced hydrophobicity compared to one-component PLA nonwovens. The CNT-contained PLA nanofibres improved mechanical properties of hybrid samples and such a 3D system appears to be interesting for potential application as a tissue engineering scaffold.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLA-Based Hybrid and Composite Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds as Potential Materials for Tissue Engineering

Magiera

Markowski

Menaszek

et al. 2017

Journal of Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conductivity increases stepwise at a certain additive content, and the percolation threshold is claimed to be much smaller, around several tenth of a weight percent [306,307], for nanofillers than for traditional fillers. This claim is strongly supported by the results of Pötschke et al [306,307] presented in Fig. 20.…”

Section: Other Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally special conductive carbon blacks or metal fillers, particles or flakes, are used in such applications, but recently intensive research is going on to use carbon nanofibers or nanotubes for this purpose [306,307]. Conductivity increases stepwise at a certain additive content, and the percolation threshold is claimed to be much smaller, around several tenth of a weight percent [306,307], for nanofillers than for traditional fillers. This claim is strongly supported by the results of Pötschke et al [306,307] presented in Fig.…”

Section: Other Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

Móczó

Pukánszky

2017

Fillers for Polymer Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The characteristics of particulate filled thermoplastics are determined by four factors: component properties, composition, structure and interfacial interactions. The most important filler characteristics are particle size, size distribution, specific surface area and particle shape, while the main matrix property is stiffness. Segregation, aggregation and the orientation of anisotropic particles determine structure. Interfacial interactions lead to the formation of a stiff interphase considerably influencing properties. Interactions are changed by surface modification, which must be always system specific and selected according to its 2 goal. Under the effect of external load inhomogeneous stress distribution develops around heterogeneities, which initiate local micromechanical deformation processes determining the macroscopic properties of the composites. INTRODUCTUIONParticulate filled polymers are used in very large quantities in all kinds of applications. The total consumption of fillers in Europe alone is currently estimated as 4.8 million tons (Table 1) [6]. In spite of the overwhelming interest in nanocomposites, biomaterials and natural fiber reinforced composites, considerable research and development is done on particulate filled polymers even today. The reason for the continuing interest in traditional composites lays, among others, in the changed role of particulate fillers. In the early days fillers were added to the polymer to decrease price.However, the ever increasing technical and aesthetical requirements as well as soaring material and compounding costs require the utilization of all possible advantages of fillers.Fillers increase stiffness and heat deflection temperature, decrease shrinkage and improve the appearance of the composites [9][10][11][12][13]. Productivity can be also increased in most thermoplastic processing technologies due to their decreased specific heat and increased heat conductivity [9,10,[14][15][16][17]. Fillers are very often introduced into the polymer to create new functional properties not possessed by the matrix polymer at all like flame retardancy or conductivity [18][19][20][21]. Another reason for the considerable research activity is that new fillers and reinforcements emerge continuously among others layered silicates [7,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], wood flour [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37], sepiolite [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], etc.The properties of all heterogeneous polymer systems are determined by the same four factors: component properties, composition, structure and interfacial interactions [9,50]. Although certain fillers and reinforcements including layered silicates, other nanofillers, or natural fibers possess special characteristics, the effect of these four factors is universal and valid for all particulate filled materials. As a consequence, in this paper 3 we focus our attention on them and discuss the most important theoretical and practical aspects of composite preparation and use accordingly. The general rules of h...

show abstract

“…In contrast to processing in low viscous media, such as water, the remaining agglomerates cannot be separated from the polymeric mass. Usual processes for the splitting of the agglomerates are sonification as well as calendering [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The maintenance of the high aspect ratio of the MWCNT is the most important criterion for the selection of the agglomerates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and Properties of Carbon Nanotube PVC Composites

Trommer

Petzold

Morgenstern

2014

Journal of Applied Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Commercially available multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were incorporated in coating masses based on PVC by means of three roll mill. The best results could be obtained using the 5 m gap. Thin PVC sheets were formed via knife coating having an electrical conductivity up to 1,500 S/m that are applicable as electric heating elements. For the use in the antistatic range, CNT contents ≤0.5% are sufficient. Rheological measurements indicate the quality of particle processing. AFM investigations are suitable to investigate the alignment of the nanoparticles in the bulk polymer. Using this method, the decrease of agglomerates as well as the splitting of CNT bundles within further mass processing could be visualized.

show abstract

Melt Mixing as Method to Disperse Carbon Nanotubes into Thermoplastic Polymers

Cited by 108 publications

References 12 publications

PLA-Based Hybrid and Composite Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds as Potential Materials for Tissue Engineering

PLA-Based Hybrid and Composite Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds as Potential Materials for Tissue Engineering

Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

Processing and Properties of Carbon Nanotube PVC Composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About