Melt spinning and drawing of 2‐methyl‐1,3‐propanediol‐substituted poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The structure and properties of fibers prepared from copolymers of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) in which 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (MPDiol Glycol is a registered trademark of Lyondell Chemical Company) at 4, 7, 10, and 25 mol% was substituted for ethylene glycol were studied and compared with those of PET homopolymer. Filaments were melt spun over a range of spinning conditions, and some filaments that were spun at relatively low spinning speeds were subjected to hot drawing. The filaments were characterized by measurements of birefringence, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) crystallinity, melting point, glass transition temperature, wide-angle Xray diffraction patterns, boiling water shrinkage, tenacity, and elongation to break. Filaments containing 25 mol% MPDiol did not crystallize in the spinline at any spinning speed investigated, whereas the other resins did crystallize in the spinline at high spinning speeds. However, compared with PET homopolymer, increasing substitution of MPDiol reduced the rate at which the crystallinity of the melt spun filaments increased with spinning speed and reduced the ultimate crystallinity that could be achieved by high-speed spinning. The rate of development of molecular orientation, as measured by birefringence, also decreased somewhat with increasing MPDiol content. Shrinkage in boiling water decreased at high spinning speeds as the amount of crystallinity increased; however, the shrinkage decreased more slowly with increase in spinning speed as MPDiol content increased. Tenacity also decreased slightly at any given spinning speed as MPDiol content increased, but there was no significant effect on elongation to break. The addition of MPDiol in amounts up to 7 mol% increased the maximum take-up velocity that could be achieved at a given mass throughput. This result indicates that the use of higher spinning speeds could potentially increase the productivity of melt spun yarns. Copolymer filaments spun at low speeds were readily drawn to produce highly oriented fibers with slightly less birefringence, crystallinity, and tenacity than similarly processed PET homopolymer. Preliminary dyeing experiments showed that the incorporation of MPDiol improved the dyeability of the filaments.

Gallic Acid-loaded Cellulose Acetate Electrospun Nanofibers: Thermal Properties, Mechanical Properties, and Drug Release Behavior

“…Traditional methods for obtaining polymer fibers include melt spinning [1], wet spinning and gel spinning [2]. Recently, there has been increasing interest in another method of fiber production, i.e., electrostatic spinning or electrospinning, which can produce fibers that are submicrometers down to nanometers in diameter.…”

Synthesis and characterization of novel poly(butylene succinate-co-2-methyl-1,3-propylene succinate)s

“…It is well recognized that the linearity and conformation of polymer backbone have a significant effect on the crystallization behavior of the polymer. The methyl group which MPD introduces into the polymer side chain helps to inhibit the crystallization of polyester resins [35][36][37][38][39]. The effects of MPD monomer on the physical properties of unsaturated [40][41][42][43] and isophthalate-based polyesters have been studied [44].…”

Kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis and morphologies of novel poly(ethylene terephthalate) micro‐porous hollow fibers and functional characteristics of fabrics

“…[12][13][14][15] The measured weight loss of the samples after treatment with alkali was calculated as follows; weight loss (%) ¼ (W 1 ÀW 2 )/ W 1 Â 100 (%), where W 1 and W 2 were the weight of the samples before and after alkaline hydrolysis, respectively. 16 A scanning electron microscope (SEM), Cambridge Steroscan-600, was adopted to examine the morphological structure of each sample, which was sputter-coated with Au to prevent oxidation.…”