Members of the nitronate monooxygenase gene family from Metarhizium brunneum are induced during the process of infection to Plutella xylostella

Quintero, Karla Yadira Cervantes; Padilla-Guerrero, Israel Enrique; Guzmán, Juan Carlos Torres; Martínez, Beatriz Guadalupe Villa; Félix, Adelissa Valencia; Hernández, Gloria Angélica González

doi:10.1007/s00253-020-10450-0

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Furthermore, to validate that A. fumigatus Nmo2 and Nmo5 have all the necessary functional domains for their activity, sequences of A. fumigatus , M. oryzae , and M. brunneum Nmos were used as queries for an rpsblast search of the Conserved Domain Database. Sequences of M. oryzae and M. brunneum were chosen here for the comparison as Nmos in those fungi have been proven to be functional [ 12 , 20 ]. Furthermore, Interpro Scan software was utilised to scan for domains and to visualise them.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nmos can detoxify harmful compounds (nitroalkanes) that accumulate in cells during nitro-oxidative stress [ 12 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. However, few studies have been conducted to characterise their functional roles in living organisms such as fungi [ 12 , 20 ]. Recently, the importance of Nmos for fungal virulence has been demonstrated in M. oryzae and Metarhizium brunneum during rice and insect infections, respectively [ 12 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, few studies have been conducted to characterise their functional roles in living organisms such as fungi [ 12 , 20 ]. Recently, the importance of Nmos for fungal virulence has been demonstrated in M. oryzae and Metarhizium brunneum during rice and insect infections, respectively [ 12 , 20 ]. As far as we know, our study represents the first attempt to understand the roles of specific Nmos in the human fungal pathogen A. fumigatus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Role of Nitronate Monooxygenases in Virulence of the Human Fungal Pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus

Nguyen

Wacker

Brown

et al. 2022

JoF

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Aspergillus fumigatus is the leading cause of the fungal invasive disease called aspergillosis, which is associated with a high mortality rate that can reach 50% in some groups of immunocompromised individuals. The increasing prevalence of azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates, both in clinical settings and the environment, highlights the importance of discovering new fungal virulence factors that can potentially become targets for novel antifungals. Nitronate monooxygenases (Nmos) represent potential targets for antifungal compounds as no orthologs of those enzymes are present in humans. Nmos catalyse the denitrification of nitroalkanes, thereby detoxifying these mediators of nitro-oxidative stress, and therefore we tested whether Nmos provide protection for A. fumigatus against host-imposed stresses at sites of infection. The results of inhibition zone assays indicated that Nmo2 and Nmo5 are not essential for the oxidative stress resistance of A. fumigatus in vitro. In addition, the resazurin-based metabolic activity assay revealed that the growth of mutants lacking the nmo2 or nmo5 genes was only slightly reduced in the presence of 0.05 mM peroxynitrite. Nevertheless, both Nmo2 and Nmo5 were shown to contribute to defense against murine bone marrow-derived macrophages, and this was no longer observed when NADPH oxidase, the main generator of reactive oxygen species during infection, was inhibited in macrophages. Furthermore, we revealed that Nnmos promote the virulence of the fungus in the Galleria mellonella model of infection. Both nmo2 and nmo5 knock-out strains were less virulent than the wild-type control as recorded 72 h post-infection. Our results indicate that Nmos play a role in the virulence of A. fumigatus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%