Membrane Permeability Characteristics of Metaphase II Mouse Oocytes at Various Temperatures in the Presence of Me2SO

Analysis of Changes in Cell Volume of a Mouse Early Embryo Exposed to Osmotic Shock

“…The Lp coeffi cient of 0.4 µ/(min×atm) can be calculated from the volume of embryonic cell during maximum swelling. The result is close to the value estimated for mouse mature oocytes in the maturing second cell division metaphase [5,8].…”

High survival rate of metaphase II human oocytes after first polar body biopsy and vitrification: determining the effect of previtrification conditions

“…One could use the information gathered from a particular cell type and species (i.e., bovine oocyte) to have useful models in an effort to improve cryosurvival, if both cell types behave similarly when they undergo similar stress factors. Although differences exist between human and bovine oocytes (e.g., lipid content of the bovine oocytes is higher than that of human oocytes) there are also remarkable similarities such as extreme chilling sensitivity, cell surface-to-volume ratio (diameter ranging from 110 to 130 mm), and membrane water and cryoprotective agent permeability coefficients (27)(28)(29). Activation energy for DMSO and EG was calculated to be 20.80 kcal/mol and 21.78 kcal/ mol for MII human oocytes (28)(29)(30).…”

Cryopreserved human blastocysts after vitrification result in excellent implantation and clinical pregnancy rates

“…This observation led to the changes in our protocol with respect to the exposure temperature and duration of the vitrification process. The longer exposure time at lower temperatures might have allowed thorough equilibration and vitrification with less toxicity to the blastocysts (9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Although the survival rate (approximately 70%) seemed still somewhat lower than that of other published groups (over 80%) (14)(15)(16)(17), the pregnancy (approximately 70%) and implantation (approximately 40%) rates were higher than those of others (pregnancy and implantation rates of $50% and $20%, respectively).…”

“…In addition, the permeation of cryoprotectant is largely influenced by the temperature; cryoprotectant permeates faster at a higher temperature (9,10). This observation led to the changes in our protocol with respect to the exposure temperature and duration of the vitrification process.…”