Membrane receptors for hormones and neurotransmitters.

Abstract

Receptors for peptide hormones and neurotransmitters are integral components of the plasma membrane of cells which serve to couple the external milieu to the intracellular regulators of metabolism. These macromolecules are usually high molecular weight glycoproteins, and in many cases appear to have more than one subunit capable of binding the hormone. The interaction of the hormone or neurotransmitter with its receptor is rapid, reversible, and of high affinity and specificity. Many receptors exhibit cooperative properties in hormone binding or biological function. The concentration of receptors on the membrane is a function of continued synthesis and degradation, and may be altered by a variety of factors including the hormone itself. The fluid mosaic nature of the membrane may allow hormone receptors and effectors to exist in free floating states. Further investigations of the hormone-receptor interaction will no doubt yield new insights into both the mechanism of hormone action and membrane structure and function.

An inverse relationship between receptor internalization and the fraction of laterally mobile receptors for the vasopressin renal‐type V2‐receptor

“…1F). This staining was not dissimilar to that obtained with a plasma membrane lipid probe DiOC14 [3] (not shown). Cells incubated at 37°C, in contrast, showed prevalent fluorescent aggregates (Fig.…”

“…Lateral mobility of receptors has been proposed to be a determining factor in hormone-mediated signal transduction [1][2][3][4]. Models of receptor-mediated activation of adenylate cyclase assert that lateral diffusion of the hormone-receptor complex in the plasma membrane lipid bilayer is the mechanism by which adenylate cyclase comes into contact with, and is activated by the ligand-receptor complex [1].…”

The binding of Escherichia coli endotoxin to isolated rat hepatocytes

“…Aliquots of the suspensions were removed from the incubation flask and fdtered through Whatman GF/C filters at different times according to the experiment. Data generated employing labelled endotoxin alone have been designated as total binding [24]. Such uptake contained receptor and non-receptor cellular binding.…”

Insulin antibodies prevent insulin-receptor interactions

“…Insulin initiates its effects by interacting with receptors located on the plasma membrane [1][2][3] and altered insulin receptor interaction may be responsible for hormone resistance [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”