Memecylon edule leaf extract mediated green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles

Abstract

We used an aqueous leaf extract of Memecylon edule (Melastomataceae) to synthesize silver and gold nanoparticles. To our knowledge, this is the first report where M. edule leaf broth was found to be a suitable plant source for the green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles. On treatment of aqueous solutions of silver nitrate and chloroauric acid with M. edule leaf extract, stable silver and gold nanoparticles were rapidly formed. The gold nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR). The kinetics of reduction of aqueous silver and gold ions during reaction with the M. edule leaf broth were easily analyzed by UV-visible spectroscopy. SEM analysis showed that aqueous gold ions, when exposed to M. edule leaf broth, were reduced and resulted in the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles in the size range 20–50 nm. TEM analysis of gold nanoparticles showed formation of triangular, circular, and hexagonal shapes in the size range 10–45 nm. The resulting silver nanoparticles were predominantly square with uniform size range 50–90 nm. EDAX results confirmed the presence of triangular nanoparticles in the adsorption peak of 2.30 keV. Further FTIR analysis was also done to identify the functional groups in silver and gold nanoparticles. The characterized nanoparticles of M. edule have potential for various medical and industrial applications. Saponin presence in aqueous extract of M. edule is responsible for the mass production of silver and gold nanoparticles.

Potential anticancer properties of bioactive compounds of Gymnema sylvestre and its biofunctionalized silver nanoparticles

“…The extract was filtered and stored in an airtight container and protected from sunlight for further use. 37 …”

Synthesis and characterization of surface-enhanced Raman-scattered gold nanoparticles

“…Our results are consistent with other studies on the stability of GNPs synthesized from plant compounds. 14,15 A key parameter in evaluating biocompatibility is centered on the evaluation of potential cytotoxicity of the materials. The in vitro cytotoxicity effect of nanomaterials is most often assessed from mitochondrial enzyme activity using tetrazolium salt (MTT assay), with respect to the untreated cell as a control.…”

“…13 GNPs have been synthesized using phytochemicals from Terminalia chebula, Breynia rhamnoides, Memecylon edule, Cinnamomum verum, Macrotyloma uniflorum, Rosa hybrid, ginseng soybean and Aloe vera. [14][15][16][17][18] Furthermore, Vitis vinifera L. was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. 19 These authors showed that phytochemicals in the plant show unique kinetic property to reduce gold salts to form GNPs.…”

Nanotechnology and Food Industry

“…This process opens up new opportunities in the recycling of wastes and could be useful in areas such as cosmetics, food or medicine. The latest research in this field focus on the synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles with various plants: Medicago sativa (Bali & Harris, 2010;Gardea et al, 2002), Vigna radiata, Arachis hypogaea, Cyamopsis tetragonolobus, Zea mays , Pennisetum glaucum, Sorghum vulgare (Rajani et al, 2010), Brassica juncea (Bali & Harris, 2010;Beattie & Haverkamp, 2011) or extracts from B. juncea and M.sativa (Bali & Harris, 2010), Memecylon edule (Elavazhagan & Arunachalam, 2011) or Allium sativum L. (Ahamed et al, 2011). Depending on the nanoparticle's nature, specie of plant or tissue in which they are stored, metal nanoparticles of different shapes and sizes can be obtained.…”