MEMS-Actuated Carbon Fiber Microelectrode for Neural Recording

Zoll, Rachel; Schindler, Craig B.; Massey, Travis L.; Drew, Daniel; Maharbiz, Michel M.; Pister, Kristofer S. J.

doi:10.1109/tnb.2019.2905505

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The actuation technique is a term given to the mechanism that transforms the input energy into a microstructure motion. There are different principles and approaches to actuate MEMS devices [7,[50][51][52][53][54][55], the most important of which include: electrostatic actuation [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64], electrothermal actuation [4,44,[65][66][67][68], electromagnetic actuation [7,69], and piezoelectric actuation [48,70] (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Actuation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Actuation and Sensing Mechanisms in MEMS-Based Sensor Devices

et al. 2021

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Over the last couple of decades, the advancement in Microelectromechanical System (MEMS) devices is highly demanded for integrating the economically miniaturized sensors with fabricating technology. A sensor is a system that detects and responds to multiple physical inputs and converting them into analogue or digital forms. The sensor transforms these variations into a form which can be utilized as a marker to monitor the device variable. MEMS exhibits excellent feasibility in miniaturization sensors due to its small dimension, low power consumption, superior performance, and, batch-fabrication. This article presents the recent developments in standard actuation and sensing mechanisms that can serve MEMS-based devices, which is expected to revolutionize almost many product categories in the current era. The featured principles of actuating, sensing mechanisms and real-life applications have also been discussed. Proper understanding of the actuating and sensing mechanisms for the MEMS-based devices can play a vital role in effective selection for novel and complex application design.

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Section: Actuation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Actuation and Sensing Mechanisms in MEMS-Based Sensor Devices

et al. 2021

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“…nonstimulating) conditions. To overcome the corrosion instability of metallic electrodes, a number of more electrochemically stable carbon-based materials have been proposed, including graphene [46][47][48][49], carbon nanotubes [50][51][52][53][54][55], conductive diamond [56][57][58][59][60], and carbon fibers [61][62][63][64]. For a comprehensive discussion on alternative electrode materials we direct the readers to other extensive reviews [65][66][67][68].…”

Section: Structural Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

Gels, jets, mosquitoes, and magnets: a review of implantation strategies for soft neural probes

Apollo¹,

Murphy²,

Prezelski³

et al. 2020

J. Neural Eng.

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Implantable neuroelectronic interfaces have enabled breakthrough advances in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders, as well as in fundamental studies of brain function, behavior, and disease. Intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) mapping with stereo-EEG (sEEG) depth electrodes is routinely adopted for precise epilepsy diagnostics and surgical treatment, while deep brain stimulation has become the standard of care for managing movement disorders. Intracortical microelectrode arrays for high-fidelity recordings of neural spiking activity have led to impressive demonstrations of the power of brain-machine interfaces for motor and sensory functional recovery. Yet, despite the rapid pace of technology development, the issue of establishing a safe, long-term, stable, and functional interface between neuroelectronic devices and the host brain tissue still remains largely unresolved. A body of work spanning at least the last 15 years suggests that safe, chronic integration between invasive electrodes and the brain requires a close match between the mechanical properties of man-made components and the neural tissue. In other words, the next generation of invasive electrodes should be soft and compliant, without sacrificing biological and chemical stability. Soft neuroelectronic interfaces, however, pose a new and significant surgical challenge: bending and buckling during implantation that can preclude accurate and safe device placement. In this topical review, we describe the next generation of soft electrodes and the surgical implantation methods for safe and precise insertion into brain structures. We provide an overview of the most recent innovations in the field of insertion strategies for flexible neural electrodes such as dissolvable or biodegradable carriers, microactuators, biologically-inspired support structures, and electromagnetic drives. In our analysis, we also highlight approaches developed in different fields, such as robotic surgery, which could be potentially adapted and translated to the insertion of flexible neural probes.

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“…Carbon arrays have become a viable option [ 40 ], [ 41 ], [ 42 ], [ 43 ], [ 44 ], [ 45 ] due to carbon’s inherent strength and conductivity. Carbon arrays have been implemented in a number of form factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Validation of Sub-Cellular Carbon Fiber Electrodes

Richie,

Letner,

Mclane-Svoboda

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.

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Multielectrode arrays for interfacing with neurons are of great interest for a wide range of medical applications. However, current electrodes cause damage over time. Ultra small carbon fibers help to address issues but controlling the electrode site geometry is difficult. Here we propose a methodology to create small, pointed fiber electrodes (SPFe). We compare the SPFe to previously made blowtorched fibers in characterization. The SPFe result in small site sizes (105.4 ± 20.8 μ m 2 ) with consistently sharp points (20.8 ± 7.64°). Additionally, these electrodes were able to record and/or stimulate neurons multiple animal models including rat cortex, mouse retina, Aplysia ganglia and octopus axial cord. In rat cortex, these electrodes recorded significantly higher peak amplitudes than the traditional blowtorched fibers. These SPFe may be applicable to a wide range of applications requiring a highly specific interface with individual neurons.

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MEMS-Actuated Carbon Fiber Microelectrode for Neural Recording

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

A Review of Actuation and Sensing Mechanisms in MEMS-Based Sensor Devices

A Review of Actuation and Sensing Mechanisms in MEMS-Based Sensor Devices

Gels, jets, mosquitoes, and magnets: a review of implantation strategies for soft neural probes

Fabrication and Validation of Sub-Cellular Carbon Fiber Electrodes

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