MEMS-based thermal conductivity sensor for hydrogen gas detection in automotive applications

Berndt, Dominik; Muggli, Josef; Wittwer, Franz; Langer, Christoph; Heinrich, Sebastian; Knittel, T.; Schreiner, Rupert

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2019.111670

Cited by 71 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In addition, sensors that utilize the high thermal conductivity of hydrogen, which is about 7.5 times greater than that of air, have also been developed and tested. Such sensors can exhibit a limit of detection down to 500 ppm, while they are also able to operate at temperatures below 0 • C [25]. Last, but not least, sensors that utilize the catalytic reaction of H 2 with O 2 to increase the temperature and thus the resistance of the sensing material (known as combustion-based sensors), can exhibit good sensitivity and a linearity for concentrations up to 4% [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin Film and Nanostructured Pd-Based Materials for Optical H2 Sensors: A Review

Sousanis

Biskos

2021

Nanomaterials

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In this review paper, we provide an overview of state-of-the-art Pd-based materials for optical H2 sensors. The first part of the manuscript introduces the operating principles, providing background information on the thermodynamics and the primary mechanisms of optical detection. Optical H2 sensors using thin films (i.e., films without any nanostructuring) are discussed first, followed by those employing nanostructured materials based on aggregated or isolated nanoparticles (ANPs and INPs, respectively), as well as complex nanostructured (CN) architectures. The different material types are discussed on the basis of the properties they can attribute to the resulting sensors, including their limit of detection, sensitivity, and response time. Limitations induced by cracking and the hysteresis effect, which reduce the repeatability and reliability of the sensors, as well as by CO poisoning that deteriorates their performance in the long run, are also discussed together with an overview of manufacturing approaches (e.g., tailoring the composition and/or applying functionalizing coatings) for addressing these issues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin Film and Nanostructured Pd-Based Materials for Optical H2 Sensors: A Review

Sousanis

Biskos

2021

Nanomaterials

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“…Catalytic combustion sensors, semiconductor metal-oxide sensors, thermal conductive sensors and electrochemical sensors are relatively mature gas sensors in the market. The first three types of sensors all had different disadvantages [5,7,8]. In particular, these three types of sensors all adopted suspended structures [8][9][10], which were easy to cause collapse of sensitive elements and falling of sensitive materials during strong vibration, thus causing failure of H 2 sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first three types of sensors all had different disadvantages [5,7,8]. In particular, these three types of sensors all adopted suspended structures [8][9][10], which were easy to cause collapse of sensitive elements and falling of sensitive materials during strong vibration, thus causing failure of H 2 sensor. The electrochemical sensor has close contact with its internal components and stable structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An amperometric H₂ gas sensor based on ionic liquid for hydrogen fuel cell ships

Zhan

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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Hydrogen fuel cell ship is an important way to realize green shipping, and the safety of hydrogen fuel ship is primary issue that shall be concerned. H2 gas sensors can provide online monitoring of H2 concentration and it is an effective mean to insure safety of hydrogen fuel. In this study, an amperometric electrochemical H2 gas sensor based on room-temperature ionic liquid was developed, which was expected to be applicable to monitoring of H2 concentration in the hydrogen fuel cell ship. A threeelectrode H2 gas sensor was fabricated by using room-temperature ionic liquid N, N, N-trimethyl-Nbutanesulfonic acid ammonium hydrogen sulfate ([TMBSA][HSO4]) as electrolyte and using platinum black as catalyst. The H2 gas sensor not only had the advantages of the conventional aqueous electrolyte sensor, such as high sensitivity, fast response, and the linear relationship between the response current and the concentration of H2, but also overcame the problem that the conventional electrochemical gas sensor cannot be applied to high humidity environment. After storage in high-humidity environment (98% RH) for three weeks, the sensor had stable performances, with current signal drift less than 2.25%. The sensor has a good potential application prospect in ships with high temperature and humidity environment.

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“…Numerous methods have been developed to rank and compare IVIFNs in the abovementioned literature. These methods can be roughly classified into three categories: (1) independent ranking [17,26,32,37,39], (2) pairwise comparison-based ranking [40,41], and (3) reference based ranking [34][35][36]. The processes have been developed from various perspectives to rank and compare IVIFNs with applications to solve real-life decision making problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-criteria decision-making method with double risk parameters in interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environments

Niu

et al. 2020

Complex Intell. Syst.

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In the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) process, decision-makers with different risk attitudes may have different decision results. To address this issue and present decision-makers’ mentality, this paper introduces two mentality parameters. These parameters reflect the decision-makers’ risk attitudes in determining the membership and non-membership degrees of the evaluation information. In addition, the parameters demonstrate the risk attitude in terms of the hesitancy degree under interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy information. Then, a new score function of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (IVIFNs) is proposed that uses the introduced mentality parameters. Meanwhile, certain properties of the proposed score function are discussed. Furthermore, the weighted comprehensive score value of IVIFNs is introduced, and an MCDM method is developed in an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environment. Finally, a numerical example and comparative analyses are provided to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

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MEMS-based thermal conductivity sensor for hydrogen gas detection in automotive applications

Cited by 71 publications

References 26 publications

Thin Film and Nanostructured Pd-Based Materials for Optical H2 Sensors: A Review

Thin Film and Nanostructured Pd-Based Materials for Optical H2 Sensors: A Review

An amperometric H₂ gas sensor based on ionic liquid for hydrogen fuel cell ships

Multi-criteria decision-making method with double risk parameters in interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environments

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MEMS-based thermal conductivity sensor for hydrogen gas detection in automotive applications

Cited by 71 publications

References 26 publications

Thin Film and Nanostructured Pd-Based Materials for Optical H2 Sensors: A Review

Thin Film and Nanostructured Pd-Based Materials for Optical H2 Sensors: A Review

An amperometric H2 gas sensor based on ionic liquid for hydrogen fuel cell ships

Multi-criteria decision-making method with double risk parameters in interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environments

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Product

Resources

About

An amperometric H₂ gas sensor based on ionic liquid for hydrogen fuel cell ships