Mendelian inheritance, genetic linkage, and genotypic disequilibrium at microsatellite loci in Genipa americana L. (Rubiaceae)

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ABSTRACT. Hymenaea stigonocarpa is a deciduous and monoecious Neotropical tree species pollinated by bats. Due to overexploitation and habitat destruction, the population size has drastically diminished in nature. No previous study has investigated Mendelian inheritance, linkage, and genotypic disequilibrium in the available microsatellite markers in this species. So, our aim was to estimate these parameters using six microsatellite loci in a sample of 470 adults and 219 juveniles from two populations of H. stigonocarpa. In addition, 30 seeds per tree from 35 seed-trees were collected. Each seed was kept record of the seed-trees and fruit origin. Based on the six microsatellite loci, we found that only 10.6% of the cases showed significant deviations from Mendelian segregation and 15.3% showed linkage. We detected no evidence of genotypic disequilibrium between the loci in the adult trees or juveniles. Thus, our results suggest that these loci can be used with great accuracy in future genetic analyses of H. stigonocarpa populations.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Short Communication Mendelian inheritance, linkage, and genotypic disequilibrium in microsatellite loci of Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae)

Moraes¹,

Kubota²,

Silva³

et al. 2016

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“…Thus, the genotypic disequilibrium that we detected may be attributed to genetic drift caused by forest fragmentation in the study region. Studies on other tree species have also found an absence of genetic linkage with a presence of genotypic disequilibrium, including Araucaria angustifolia (Medina-Macedo et al, 2014), Copaifera langsdorffii (Tarazi et al, 2010), Cariniana legalis (Tambarussi et al, 2013), and Genipa americana (Manoel et al, 2015). The nine microsatellite loci evaluated in this study exhibit Mendelian inheritance, are Continued on next page n 1 and n 2 are the sample size; G 1 and G 2 are the maximum likelihood G statistics for the hypothesis of n ij : n ii + n jj and n ik : n ik , respectively, for one degree of freedom.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in order to use molecular markers as genetic markers, it is important to determine whether their inheritance follows the rules of Mendelian segregation, and whether the loci are genetically linked (Tambarussi et al, 2013;Manoel et al, 2015;Moraes et al, 2016). Studies assessing linkage among loci are also necessary because the detected loci are used to calculate averages among loci in population genetic studies; therefore, linked loci can create bias in the estimates (Guidugli et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mendelian inheritance, genetic linkage, and genotypic disequilibrium for nine microsatellite loci in Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze (Lecythidaceae)

Kubota¹,

Silva²,

Cambuim³

et al. 2017

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ABSTRACT. Cariniana estrellensis is one of the largest trees found in Brazilian tropical forests. The species is typical of advanced stages of succession, characteristic of climax forests, and essential in genetic conservation and environmental restoration plans. In this study, we assessed Mendelian inheritance, genetic linkage, and genotypic disequilibrium in nine microsatellite loci for a C. estrellensis population. We sampled and genotyped 285 adult trees and collected seeds from 20 trees in a fragmented forest landscape in Brazil. Based on maternal genotypes and their seeds, we found no deviation from the expected 1:1 Mendelian segregation and no genetic linkage between pairwise loci. However, for adults, genotypic disequilibrium was detected for four pairs of loci, suggesting that this result was not caused by genetic linkage. Based on these results, we analyzed microsatellite loci that are suitable for use in population genetic studies assessing genetic diversity, mating system, and gene flow in C. estrellensis populations.

“…Significant values were observed for different families and occurred more frequently between the following pairs: EMBRA2xEMBRA3, EMBRA2xEMBRA63, and EMBRA204xEMBRA128. The significant linkage may be the result of true genetic linkage or deviations from 1:1 Mendelian segregation (Manoel et al, 2015;Moraes et al, 2015), as observed for EMBRA2 and EMBRA63. The absence of linkage between the loci is important concerning models used in population genetic analyses, which assume random segregation between alleles of different loci.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Article Analysis of Mendelian inheritance and genetic linkage in microsatellite loci of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake.

Pupin

Rosse²,

Souza

et al. 2017

ABSTRACT.Eucalyptus urophylla is an important species in the Brazilian forest sector due to its rapid growth rates and resistance to disease. The aim of this study was to verify Mendelian inheritance, genetic linkage, and genotypic disequilibrium for 15 microsatellite loci, with the goal of producing a robust set of genetic markers. Mendelian inheritance and genetic linkage analyses were carried out using genotypes from maternal trees, and their open-pollinated seeds and genotypic disequilibrium were assessed using adult trees. By comparing heterozygous maternal genotypes and their seeds, we found no significant deviations from the expected 1:1 Mendelian segregation and the expected 1:1:1:1 segregation hypothesis for pairwise loci. For adult trees, we did not find strong evidence of genotypic imbalance for pairwise loci. Our results indicated that the analyzed set of microsatellite loci could be used to carry out analyses of genetic diversity, mating system, and parentage in E. urophylla.