Menstrual Migraine and Treatment Options: Review

Lichten, Edward M.

doi:10.1111/head.13203

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…During the menstrual period, the levels of estrogen and progesterone dropped, which subsequently causes endometrial blood flow to decrease, resulting in endometrial necrosis due to ischemia. The area of damaged and ischemic necrotic tissue gradually expanded and the permeability of blood vessel wall boosted, eventually leading to tissue exfoliation [ 40 , 41 ]. Anovulatory DUB results from the prolonged estrogen and limited progestin expression, which can trigger endometrium growth dramatically and cause breakthrough-estrogen-bleeding in females [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia via Regulating the HPO Axis in Rats

Peng

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, accompanied by endometrial hyperplasia (EH), is a common gynecological disease that seriously affects female physical and mental health. Some drugs have been prompted to cure the disease, but most medications have certain side effects and limitations. In the present study, we demonstrated an unexploited Chinese traditional medicine, a combination of Saururus chinensis, Celosia cristata, and Spatholobus suberectus (SCS), which could be used for the treatment of EH and associated complications in rats. We identified the active components from the three Chinese herbs via thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography methods. In addition, serum biochemical indexes and histologic section results found that acute high-dose SCS exerted no adverse impacts on the rats. We then showed that SCS shortened coagulation time ( p = 0.018 ) and degree of swelling ( p = 0.021 ) on rats at 30 min compared to blank control. Further studies proved that recovered endometrial thickness was associated with the modulation of four hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estrogen, and progesterone). Specifically, follicle-stimulating hormone and progesterone contents increased gradually with time, and estrogen was decreased, whereas luteinizing hormone content was returned to normal after a short-term elevation ( p < 0.05 ). Besides, SCS increased uterine endometrium’s mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 ( p < 0.001 ) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 ( p < 0.001 ), promoting the repair of proliferating endometrium in the rats. Collectively, our study indicates that SCS harbors a profoundly curative effect on the treatment of EH and relative complications and uncovers the mechanism at molecular and gene expression levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia via Regulating the HPO Axis in Rats

Peng

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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show abstract

“…During the menstrual period, the levels of E and P dropped, which subsequently causes the endometrial blood ow to decrease, resulting in endometrial necrosis due to ischemia. The area of the damaged and ischemic necrotic tissue gradually expanded, the permeability of the blood vessel wall boosted, and nally the tissue was exfoliated (Jarrell, 2018;Lichten, 2018). Anovulatory DUB due to the effects of prolonged E and no progestin' s counteracting effect, the endometrium continues to proliferate and even proliferate to varying degrees, eventually leading to breakthrough-estrogen-bleeding (Jones and Sung, 2020;Urbanska et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms of a traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding

B¹,

Peng²,

Fu³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is a common gynecological disease regulated by multiple hormones, which seriously affects female physical and mental health. Some drugs have been prompted to cure this disease, but most drugs have certain side effects and limitations. In the present study, we demonstrated an unexploited Chinese traditional medicine, a combination of Saururus chinensis, Celosia cristata and Spatholobus suberectus (Referred to as XBR), was capable of exerting hemostatic, coagulation and anti-inflammatory effects on SD rats. Furthermore, the XBR decreased the value of erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and hematocrit in serum for lowering blood stasis caused by DUB. Further studies were conducted to provide direct evidence that the recovery of endometrial hyperplasia was associated with the modulation of the hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol and progesterone). Besides, XBR altered mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 on the uterine endometrium, thereby promoting the repair of proliferating endometrium in the rats. Collectively, our study indicates that XBR harbors a profoundly curative effect on the treatment of DUB, and explains the mechanism at the molecular and genes expression levels.

show abstract

“…During the menstrual period, the levels of E and P dropped, which subsequently causes the endometrial blood ow to decrease, resulting in endometrial necrosis due to ischemia. The area of the damaged and ischemic necrotic tissue gradually expanded and the permeability of the blood vessel wall boosted, eventually leading to tissue exfoliation (Jarrell, 2018;Lichten, 2018). Anovulatory DUB results from the prolonged E and limited progestin expression, which can trigger the endometrium growth dramatically and cause breakthrough-estrogen-bleeding in females (Jones and Sung, 2020;Urbanska et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A traditional Chinese Medicine Proves the Treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia Via Regulating the HPO Axis in Rats

Peng

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, accompanied by endometrial hyperplasia, is a common gynecological disease regulated by multiple hormones, which seriously affects female physical and mental health. Some drugs have been prompted to cure the disease, but most drugs have certain side effects and limitations. Nonetheless, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) could provide a novel perspective for the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and related complications. Methods: The active components from Saururus chinensis, Celosia cristata and Spatholobus suberectus (Referred to as SCS) were determined by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. An acute high-dose SCS test was performed to evaluate the toxicity of SCS. The serum samples were used to identify the alterations involved in the biochemical index and concentration of four key hormones related to the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis. In addition, the expression of two essential genes regulated by the HPO axis was determined by the RT-qPCR method.Results: In the present study, we identified the active components (e.g., sauchinone and formononetin) from the Chinese herbs via TLC and HPLC methods. In addition, the results from the serum biochemical index and histologic section found that acute high-dose SCS exerted no adverse impacts on the rats. We then illustrated that SCS could shorten hemostatic, coagulation time and degree of swelling on rats. Furthermore, SCS decreased the value of erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and hematocrit in serum. Further studies were conducted to provide direct evidence that the recovery of endometrial hyperplasia was associated with the modulation of four hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol and progesterone). Besides, SCS altered mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 on the uterine endometrium, thereby promoting the repair of proliferating endometrium in the rats. Conclusion: Collectively, we demonstrated that an unexploited Chinese traditional medicine, a combination of S. chinensis, C. cristata and S. suberectus, could be used for the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and associated complications in the rats, and uncovers the mechanism at molecular and gene expression levels.

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Menstrual Migraine and Treatment Options: Review

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

A Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia via Regulating the HPO Axis in Rats

A Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia via Regulating the HPO Axis in Rats

Molecular mechanisms of a traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding

A traditional Chinese Medicine Proves the Treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia Via Regulating the HPO Axis in Rats

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