Mental illness stigma among medical students and teachers

Janoušková, Miroslava; Weissová, Aneta; Formánek, Tomáš; Pasz, Jiří; Motlová, Lucie Bankovská

doi:10.1177/0020764017735347

Cited by 43 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our results suggest that psychiatry classes and specialized training could su ciently improve medical students' attitudes su ciently. Our nding that female medical students had less negative attitudes toward schizophrenia patients than their male counterparts supports the previous studies that found that women displayed less stigmatization of mental diseases than men [15,26]. Contrary to some previous studied [13,15], in our study neither personal experience with mental illness nor having a friend or family member with mental illness in uenced medical students' attitudes toward schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

A comparison of Attitudes Toward Schizophrenia among Psychiatric Staff, Psychiatrists, Physicians, Medical Students, and Non-medical Workers

Kataoka¹,

Ohira²,

Tsuboi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Today, schizophrenia remains stigmatized all over the world, and for patients with schizophrenia, the experience of stigma makes improving their lives difficult. Changing of attitudes toward schizophrenia is an important theme not only for medical professionals but also medical students. We therefore invested investigate negative attitudes toward schizophrenia among psychiatric staff, psychiatrists, physicians, medical students, and non-medical workers. Methods: Participants in this study included 490 medical students, 25 psychiatric staff, 13 psychiatrists, 48 physicians, and 222 non-medical workers in Fukushima Medical University, in Japan. We conducted an internet-based questionnaire survey, using a web-based survey tool. We used an 18-item questionnaire on attitudes toward schizophrenia that comprised three factors: stigma, underestimation of patients’ abilities, and skepticism regarding treatment. To compare the scores for each of these factors among the five participant groups, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to adjust for age and sex. Results: Psychiatrists’ “stigma” and “underestimation of patients’ abilities” scores were significantly lower than those of non-medical workers, physicians, and medical students. The “skepticism regarding treatment” scores were not significantly different among the five groups. For medical students, hoping to become a psychiatrist in the future had the great impact on improving attitudes toward schizophrenia. Conclusion: Medical students had more negative attitudes toward schizophrenia than psychiatrists, but equally negative attitudes compared with physicians and non-medical workers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

A comparison of Attitudes Toward Schizophrenia among Psychiatric Staff, Psychiatrists, Physicians, Medical Students, and Non-medical Workers

Kataoka¹,

Ohira²,

Tsuboi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…These findings are in accordance with the literature, which established that both theoretical education and contact with people suffering from mental diseases are effective factors in changing attitudes and stigma during psychiatrics internships. 4 10 11 12 14 15 17 18 19 Results reinforce the importance of a prolonged contact, in more than 1 moment, integrating the subjects in different years and multiple classes in each year. 36 37…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Several recent studies suggest that psychiatry clerkship training has a positive effect in reducing stigma toward mental illnesses. 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 The impact of different populations and student-based interventions was also accessed, showing improvements in the attitudes in a short-term evaluation. In a long-term follow-up, results are, however, inconsistent, showing a decrease in the initial benefits of the intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Negative views regarding psychiatry as a career and psychiatric illness have been found in studies from Nigeria, India, UK, 27 China, 22 Poland, 23 and Iran. 24 Conversely, students from Kenya and Pakistan, 27 USA, 17 Czech Republic, 14 Greece, 15 Canada, 16 Taiwan, 18 Singapore, 24 and Australia 27 reported more positive views regarding attitudes to psychiatry, and so psychiatric illness. These studies do not appear to show clear differences between developed and developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of mental health stigma on medical education: an observational study with Portuguese medical students

Pinto

Bernardo

Sousa

et al. 2020

Porto Biomedical Journal

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Background: The Portuguese mental health care plan emphasizes that health care professionals can be a source of stigma against people with mental illness enhancing self-stigma and leading to a decrease in the search for help and adherence to treatment. Methods: In this exploratory study, we surveyed 111 first and last year students from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Portugal, using the Portuguese version of the Attribution Questionnaire AQ-27 to assess the attitudes toward mental illness. Results: The students showed a significant difference in the segregation dimension, and in some items related with pity and coercion in the end of the course. These results express a positive will to integrate people with mental illness in community, a decrease of pity and a valorization of the pharmacological treatment in this kind of disease. The previous personal experience of psychiatric problems decreases the level of segregation and psychological problems increase the motivation to help. Conclusion: Final-year students express more positive and less discriminatory attitudes toward people with severe mental illness than first-year students. This is likely due to education and contact opportunities promoted throughout the medical school, as well as due to the experience of having gone to a psychology or psychiatric consultation. Knowledge of stigma levels of future medical doctors is therefore crucial for the prevention of attitudes that could condition the provision of medical care.

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“…For a long time, this group was considered to be immune to these cognitive, emotional, and behavioral modalities toward people with psychiatric disorders (Lauber et al, 2004). However, recent studies have shown that there is little, if any, distinction between public and professional beliefs regarding mental illness (Bannatyne & Stapleton, 2017;Bannatyne & Stapleton, 2015;Jorm, 2000): stigmatization of people with mental illness is as much present in health care professionals as in the general population (Janouskova et al, 2017;Mittal et al, 2014;Saridi et al, 2017;Winkler et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can stigmatizing attitudes be prevented in psychology students?

Pingani

Coriani

Galeazzi

et al. 2020

Journal of Mental Health

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Background: Stigmatizing attitudes have been found among psychology students in many studies, and they are becoming more common with time.Aims: This study examines whether participation in clinical psychology lessons reduces levels of stigmatization in a population of psychology students and whether it leads to any change in stigmatization. Method: The study is a pre/post evaluation of the effectiveness of clinical psychology lessons (63 hours of lectures) as a tool to fight stigma. The presence of stigmatizing attitudes was detected using the Italian version of the Attribution Questionnaire-27 (AQ-27-I). Stigmatization was described before and after the lessons with structured equation modeling (SEM).Results: Of a total of 387 students contacted, 302 (78.04%) agreed to be involved in the study, but only 266 (68.73%) completed the questionnaires at both t0 and t1. A statistically significant reduction was seen in all six scales and the total score on the AQ-27-I. The models defined by the SEM (pre-and post-intervention) showed excellent model fit indices and described different dynamics of the phenomenon of stigma.Conclusions: A cycle of clinical psychology lessons can be a useful tool for reducing stigmatizing attitudes in a population of students seeking a psychology degree.

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Mental illness stigma among medical students and teachers

Abstract: Educators should pay closer attention to the role of medical psychology and communication training implementation, which may be beneficial to improving skills and increasing medical students' self-esteem and feeling of competence throughout their psychiatry rotation.

Cited by 43 publications

References 32 publications

A comparison of Attitudes Toward Schizophrenia among Psychiatric Staff, Psychiatrists, Physicians, Medical Students, and Non-medical Workers

A comparison of Attitudes Toward Schizophrenia among Psychiatric Staff, Psychiatrists, Physicians, Medical Students, and Non-medical Workers

Evaluation of mental health stigma on medical education: an observational study with Portuguese medical students

Can stigmatizing attitudes be prevented in psychology students?

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