Mentally Sick or Not—(Bio)Markers of Psychiatric Disorders Needed

Waszkiewicz, Napoleon

doi:10.3390/jcm9082375

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(23 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, even though the diagnosis of anxiety disorders is still largely based on clinical symptoms, biomarkers could be a valuable tool to help identify individual patients with the disorder, improve treatment fit, and predict treatment responses. Such use of a biomarker is already common in other medical fields for various diseases such as asthma and rheumatoid arthritis [ 180 , 181 ], but detection of such a marker in psychiatric disease will be one of the most difficult tasks that researchers will ever face [ 182 ]. Identifying beneficial biomarkers can help diagnose and classify a group of psychiatric disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Markers in Anxiety Disorders

Łoś

Waszkiewicz

2021

JCM

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anxiety disorders are one of the most commonly reported disorders in psychiatry, causing a high medical and socio-economic burden. Recently, there has been a soaring interest in the biological basis of anxiety disorders, which is reflected in an increasing number of articles related to the topic. Due to the ambiguity of the diagnosis and a large number of underdiagnosed patients, researchers are looking for laboratory tests that could facilitate the diagnosis of anxiety disorders in clinical practice and would allow for the earliest possible implementation of appropriate treatment. Such potential biomarkers may also be useable in monitoring the efficacy of pharmacological therapy for anxiety disorders. Therefore this article reviews the literature of potential biomarkers such as components of saliva, peripheral blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and neuroimaging studies. There are promising publications in the literature that can be useful. The most valuable and promising markers of saliva are cortisol, lysozyme, and α-amylase (sAA). In the blood, in turn, we can distinguish serotonin, brain-derived serum neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cortisol, and microRNA. Structural changes in the amygdala and hippocampus are promising neuroimaging markers, while in CSF, potential markers include oxytocin and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA). Unfortunately, research in the field of biomarkers is hampered by insufficient knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of anxiety disorders, the significant heterogeneity of anxiety disorders, frequent comorbidities, and low specificity of biomarkers. The development of appropriate biomarker panels and their assessment using new approaches may have the prospective to overcome the above-mentioned obstacles.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Markers in Anxiety Disorders

Łoś

Waszkiewicz

2021

JCM

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PTSD is the most commonly diagnosed form of trauma-related illness (Waszkiewicz, 2020). It is estimated that nearly 90% of U.S. adults experience at least one traumatizing event (lifetime), most recover (82%), but approximately 10% will develop symptoms of PTSD (Daskalakis et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-Analysis of Cultural Influences in Trauma Exposure and PTSD Prevalence Rates

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: The global prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) continues to rise, the influence of culture and resilience remains unclear. This review and meta-analysis aimed to (a) examine the prevalence of PTSD among studies addressing culture and resilience, and (b) compare the PTSD prevalence rates across different trauma exposures and cultural contexts. Methodology: PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for articles published between 01/01/2000 to 12/01/019 that defined PTSD, reported PTSD prevalence rates, and addressed culture and resilience. Meta-analysis of PTSD prevalence rates was performed using generalized linear mixed models. Results: Thirty articles met all search criteria. In the pooled sample of 20,138 participants, 3,403 met defined PTSD diagnostic criteria. The random-effects model showed PTSD cultural effects. Refugees displaced in similar cultures (0.44) had higher rates of PTSD. Discussion: Findings indicate that trauma-informed, practical assessments of health protective cultural determinants may promote individual resilience and reduce the risk of PTSD in displaced refugees.

show abstract

“…The hope for such can be our study containing an analysis of many exoglycosidases and their behavior in four body fluids resulting from alcohol intoxication in the deceased. However, it should be recalled that biomarker research may also be useful in psychiatric disorders [ 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Activity of N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase in the Blood, Urine, Cerebrospinal Fluid and Vitreous Humor Died People Due to Alcohol Intoxication

Ptaszyńska-Sarosiek

Chojnowska

Szajda

et al. 2020

JCM

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The article aimed to assess the activity of the hexosaminidase (HEX) and its HEX A and HEX B isoenzymes in persons who suddenly died due to ethanol poisoning and explain the cause of their death. Methods: The research involved two groups of the deceased group A—22 people (20 males, 2 females; the average age 46 years) who died due to alcohol intoxication (with the blood alcohol content of 4‰ and above in all biological materials at the time of death—blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and vitreous humor), and group B—30 people (22 males, 8 females; the average age 54 years), who died suddenly due to other reasons than alcohol. Results: The highest activity of the HEX was found in the serum of A and B groups. A significantly lower activity of HEX, HEX A, and HEX B was observed in the urine of group A in comparison to the sober decedents. Conclusion: The lower activity of HEX and its isoenzymes in the dead’s urine due to ethanol poisoning may suggest its usefulness as a potential marker of harmful alcohol drinking. Damage done to the kidneys by ethanol poisoning may be one of the possible mechanisms leading to death. Kidneys may be damaged intravitally via the inflammatory agent. Thus, it is necessary to conduct further research to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of exoglycosidases while determining the death mechanisms of people who lost their lives due to ethanol poisoning.

show abstract

Mentally Sick or Not—(Bio)Markers of Psychiatric Disorders Needed

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Biological Markers in Anxiety Disorders

Biological Markers in Anxiety Disorders

Meta-Analysis of Cultural Influences in Trauma Exposure and PTSD Prevalence Rates

The Activity of N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase in the Blood, Urine, Cerebrospinal Fluid and Vitreous Humor Died People Due to Alcohol Intoxication

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About