Mercerizing Extraction and Physicochemical Characterizations of Lignocellulosic Fiber from the Leaf Waste of <i>Mikania micrantha</i> Kunth ex H.B.K

Lim, Chaw Jiang; Arumugam, Manohar; Lim, Chan; Ee, Gwendoline Cheng Lian

doi:10.1080/15440478.2018.1527742

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…X-ray diffractogram of CFS in Figure 3(a) shows two enlarged diffraction peaks of 15.72° (1 1 0) and 21.96° (2 0 0), which are clearly observed in most of the plant fibers belonging to crystallographic plane. As reported by various researcher [6,16,24,30,44,71] the two major peaks present around 2θ = 15.72° and 21.96° are the relevant peaks of cellulose I and IV of a monoclinic structure. The peak observed at 2θ = 15.72° shows the existence of amorphous constituent in the CFS fiber.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The CFS fiber had a low moisture content (9.17%), which was lower than Salago fiber (50.21%) [65], M. micrantha Kunth ex H.B.K. (34.30%) [71], S. rhombifolia (12.02%) [60], T. procumbens (11.2%) [24], T. populnea (10.83%) [11], Sansevieria ehrenbergii (10.55%) [38], aerial roots of banyan tree (10.21%) [27], D. cinerea (9.82%) [59], P. juliflora bark (9.48%) [40], red banana peduncle (9.36%) [23], and Areca palm leaf stalk (9.35%) [68]. Amorphous nature was reduced due to ash content in the fiber [45].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of industrial discarded novel Cymbopogon flexuosus stem fiber: A potential replacement for synthetic fiber

Raja¹,

Rajesh²,

Suyambulingam³

et al. 2021

Journal of Industrial Textiles

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In this research article, a leftover of Cymbopogon flexuosus stem (CFS) collected from the oil extraction industry was examined for its ability as a reinforcing agent in a polymer composite. Anatomical, morphological, physical, chemical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics of the CFS ﬁber were examined. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of higher amount of cellulose (68.13%), which offers better bonding properties and higher tensile strength (431.19 ± 23.96 MPa). Moreover, the density of the fiber (1270 kg/m3) found using physical analysis was less than that of synthetic fibers, which paves a path in replacing hazardous synthetic fiber. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectrum spectroscopy analyses were conducted to study the functional groups of the extracted CFS fiber. The thermal stability (253.17°C), activation energy (73.01 kJ/mol), and maximum degradation temperature (345.08°C) were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the semi-crystalline nature of the fiber with crystallinity index (46.02%) and crystallite size (13.96 nm). The CFS had a smooth surface, as conformed by an atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscope analysis. Altogether, this study highlights the feasibility of leftover CFS fiber residue as reinforcement in biopolymer matrices replacing synthetic fiber.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of industrial discarded novel Cymbopogon flexuosus stem fiber: A potential replacement for synthetic fiber

Raja¹,

Rajesh²,

Suyambulingam³

et al. 2021

Journal of Industrial Textiles

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“…The survival rate of termites fed an ML diet in this study was slightly higher than previously reported rates associated with a rice straw diet and lower than rates associated with diets consisting of corn stover or soybean residue, although the dietary intake was higher than for these grass-based diets. Relative to pinewood, M. micrantha leaves contain less cellulose (ML: 21.31%, PW: 43.12-49.25%) and lignin (ML: 20.67%, PW: 26.12-35.42%) content [25,36], potentially leading to the increased ML dietary intake by these termites such that they were able to sustain themselves on this diet. However, this increase in overall dietary intake by termites fed an ML diet may have also resulted in the increased intake of toxic secondary plant substances [37], resulting in adverse survival outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lignin and holocellulose content of the entirety of M. micrantha plants, not including the roots, are 19.1 ± 0.7 and 61.5 ± 1.4 wt% raw biomass, respectively [24]. The crude fiber from the leaves of these plants consists of 21.31 ± 1.56% cellulose, 14.61 ± 1.46% hemicellulose, 20.67 ± 0.8% lignin, 9.11 ± 0.23% ash, and 34.30 ± 1.15% impurities and moisture [25]. Moreover, aqueous extracts of M. micrantha leaves contain amino acids, proteins, saponins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GC/TOF-MS-Based Metabolomics Reveals Altered Metabolic Profiles in Wood-Feeding Termite Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki Digesting the Weed Mikania micrantha Kunth

Hou

Zhang

et al. 2021

Insects

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Effective approaches to exploiting the biomass of the abundant invasive weed Mikania micrantha Kunth are limited. Termites have been a focus of significant attention as mediators of biomass-processing owing to their ability to digest lignocellulose. Here, the GC/TOF-MS approach was employed to assess the effects of a diet composed of M. micrantha leaves on Coptotermes formosanus workers, with the growth performance of these workers also being assessed. The workers increased their dietary intake when fed M. micrantha leaves, with a concomitant gradual increase in mortality rate. A total of 62 differentially abundant metabolites and nine significantly affected pathways were found when comparing termites fed M. micrantha leaves to pinewood. Key metabolites, including carbohydrates, polyols, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and their related metabolic pathways, suggested that termites can digest and utilize M. micrantha-derived lignocellulose. However, changes in the tryptophan metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism suggest an adverse effect of M. micrantha leaves on antioxidant activity and signal transduction in termites. Overall, this study identified the key metabolites and pathways associated with the response of these termites to dietary changes and the effect of M. micrantha on termites.

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“…Since these materials are extracted from biomaterials, they are cheap, renewable, biodegradable and abundant. They can be used in several applications due to their good mechanical properties e.g., for food packaging, textile or paper [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Cellulosic Fiber Extraction from Parsley Stalks and Utilization as Filler in Composite Biobased Films

Çakmak

Dekker

2022

Foods

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Food waste is an abundant source of cellulose which can be extracted via mild alkali treatment. The extraction conditions of cellulose fibers can be optimized for reduced chemical and energy use and optimal functionality. This study focused on the optimization of alkali extraction of lignocellulosic fiber from parsley stalks by building an experimental design with the response surface method with alkali concentration (2, 6, and 10%, w/v), fiber:alkali ratio (0.02, 0.035, and 0.05; w/v) and extraction temperature (40, 70, and 100 °C) as independent variables, in order to evaluate the effects of extraction conditions on fiber yield and composition of parsley stalks extract (PSE). Following the optimization, PSE and untreated fibers (PF) were incorporated as filler into gum Arabic–sodium alginate-based films, and film properties such as water vapor permeability, optical and thermal properties, Fourier transform infrared spectra and surface morphology of the films were analyzed for evaluating the compatibility of these fillers with the composite film matrix. The optimal extraction conditions were determined as 2% alkali, sample:alkali ratio of 0.0276 and extraction temperature of 40 °C. PSE extracted at optimal conditions was added to the composite films, and water vapor permeability and optical properties were improved by up to 10% PSE compared to films with PF.

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Mercerizing Extraction and Physicochemical Characterizations of Lignocellulosic Fiber from the Leaf Waste of Mikania micrantha Kunth ex H.B.K

Cited by 26 publications

References 36 publications

Characterization of industrial discarded novel Cymbopogon flexuosus stem fiber: A potential replacement for synthetic fiber

Characterization of industrial discarded novel Cymbopogon flexuosus stem fiber: A potential replacement for synthetic fiber

GC/TOF-MS-Based Metabolomics Reveals Altered Metabolic Profiles in Wood-Feeding Termite Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki Digesting the Weed Mikania micrantha Kunth

Optimization of Cellulosic Fiber Extraction from Parsley Stalks and Utilization as Filler in Composite Biobased Films

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