Merits of using cellulose triacetate as a substrate in producing thin-film composite nanofiltration polyamide membranes with ultra-high performance

Ang, Micah Belle Marie Yap; Luo, Zheng-Yen; Marquez, Jazmine Aiya D.; Tsai, Hui-An; Huang, Shu-Hsien; Hung, Wei‐Song; Hu, Chien‐Chieh; Lee, Kueir‐Rarn; Lai, Juin‐Yih

doi:10.1016/j.jtice.2020.06.008

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…On the other hand, a high concentration of TMC could also result in a high degree of crosslinking and a denser polyamide layer. A similar trend was also observed in our previous work [ 41 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Nanofiltration Membranes Formed through Interfacial Polymerization Involving Cycloalkane Amine Monomer and Trimesoyl Chloride Showing Some Tolerance to Chlorine during Dye Desalination

Ang

Chu

et al. 2022

Membranes

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Wastewater effluents containing high concentrations of dyes are highly toxic to the environment and aquatic organisms. Recycle and reuse of both water and dye in textile industries can save energy and costs. Thus, new materials are being explored to fabricate highly efficient nanofiltration membranes for fulfilling industrial needs. In this work, three diamines, 1,4-cyclohexanediamine (CHD), ethylenediamine (EDA), and p-phenylenediamine (PPD), are reacted with TMC separately to fabricate a thin film composite polyamide membrane for dye desalination. Their chemical structures are different, with the difference located in the middle of two terminal amines. The surface morphology, roughness, and thickness of the polyamide layer are dependent on the reactivity of the diamines with TMC. EDA has a short linear alkane chain, which can easily react with TMC, forming a very dense selective layer. CHD has a cyclohexane ring, making it more sterically hindered than EDA. As such, CHD’s reaction with TMC is slower than EDA’s, leading to a thinner polyamide layer. PPD has a benzene ring, which should make it the most sterically hindered structure; however, its benzene ring has a pi-pi interaction with TMC that can facilitate a faster reaction between PPD and TMC, leading to a thicker polyamide layer. Among the TFC membranes, TFCCHD exhibited the highest separation efficiency (pure water flux = 192.13 ± 7.11 L∙m−2∙h−1, dye rejection = 99.92 ± 0.10%, and NaCl rejection = 15.46 ± 1.68% at 6 bar and 1000 ppm salt or 50 ppm of dye solution). After exposure at 12,000 ppm∙h of active chlorine, the flux of TFCCHD was enhanced with maintained high dye rejection. Therefore, the TFCCHD membrane has a potential application for dye desalination process.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Nanofiltration Membranes Formed through Interfacial Polymerization Involving Cycloalkane Amine Monomer and Trimesoyl Chloride Showing Some Tolerance to Chlorine during Dye Desalination

Ang

Chu

et al. 2022

Membranes

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“…When the concentration was raised from 0.1 to 1 wt.% TMC, the water flux increased from 16.64 to 18.24 LMH ( Figure 10 a). The reason was the high concentration of TMC; more acyl chloride groups derived more chances of hydrolyzing into COOH, which rendered the surface more hydrophilic (hence, enhanced water flux) [ 34 ]. However, when the concentration was further varied from 1 to 1.5 wt.%, the membrane became dense, as the water flux decreased to 15.4 LMH ( Figure 10 a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Performance of Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration-Like Forward Osmosis Membranes Set Off by Changing the Chemical Structure of Diamine Reacted with Trimesoyl Chloride through Interfacial Polymerization

et al. 2021

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Thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide membranes formed through interfacial polymerization can function more efficiently by tuning the chemical structure of participating monomers. Accordingly, three kinds of diamine monomers were considered to take part in interfacial polymerization. Each diamine was reacted with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) to manufacture TFC polyamide nanofiltration (NF)-like forward osmosis (FO) membranes. The diamines differed in chemical structure; the functional group present between the terminal amines was classified as follows: aliphatic group of 1,3-diaminopropane (DAPE); cyclohexane in 1,3-cyclohexanediamine (CHDA); and aromatic or benzene ring in m-phenylenediamine (MPD). For FO tests, deionized water and 1 M aqueous sodium sulfate solution were used as feed and draw solution, respectively. Interfacial polymerization conditions were also varied: concentrations of water and oil phases, time of contact between the water-phase solution and the membrane substrate, and polymerization reaction time. The resultant membranes were characterized using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and surface contact angle measurement to identify the chemical structure, morphology, roughness, and hydrophilicity of the polyamide layer, respectively. The results of FO experiments revealed that among the three diamine monomers, CHDA turned out to be the most effective, as it led to the production of TFC NF-like FO membrane with optimal performance. Then, the following optimum conditions were established for the CHDA-based membrane: contact between 2.5 wt% aqueous CHDA solution and polysulfone (PSf) substrate for 2 min, and polymerization reaction between 1 wt% TMC solution and 2.5 wt% CHDA solution for 30 s. The composite CHDA-TMC/PSf membrane delivered a water flux (Jw) of 18.24 ± 1.33 LMH and a reverse salt flux (Js) of 5.75 ± 1.12 gMH; therefore, Js/Jw was evaluated to be 0.32 ± 0.07 (g/L).

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“…As a consequence, these effects are highly related to, or even dominate, the thickness and polymeric structure of the active layer and the filtration performance of TFC membranes. It has been confirmed that a support layer with higher porosity, stronger hydrophilicity, and rougher surface could impart a TFC membrane with a much higher water flux [29][30][31]. Specifically, the key role of the hydrophilicity of substrates in adjusting the water flux of TFC membranes has been proved from various systems [32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Towards a High-Flux Separation Layer from Hexagonal Lyotropic Liquid Crystals for Thin-Film Composite Membranes

Yuan

Bai

et al. 2021

Membranes

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Hexagonal lyotropic liquid crystals (HLLC) with uniform pore size in the range of 1~5 nm are highly sought after as promising active separation layers of thin-film composite (TFC) membranes, which have been confirmed to be efficient for water purification. The potential interaction between an amphiphile-based HLLC layer and the substrate surface, however, has not been fully explored. In this research, hydrophilic and hydrophobic microporous polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) substrates were chosen, respectively, to prepare TFC membranes with the active layers templated from HLLC, consisting of dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide, water, and a mixture of poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. The pore size of the active layer was found to decrease by about 1.6 Å compared to that of the free-standing HLLC after polymerization, but no significant difference was observable by using either hydrophilic or hydrophobic substrates (26.9 Å vs. 27.1 Å). The water flux of the TFC membrane with the hydrophobic substrate, however, was higher than that with the hydrophilic one. A further investigation confirmed that the increase in water flux originated from a much higher porosity was due to the synergistic effect of the hydrophilic HLLC nanoporous material and the hydrophobic substrate.

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Merits of using cellulose triacetate as a substrate in producing thin-film composite nanofiltration polyamide membranes with ultra-high performance

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

Nanofiltration Membranes Formed through Interfacial Polymerization Involving Cycloalkane Amine Monomer and Trimesoyl Chloride Showing Some Tolerance to Chlorine during Dye Desalination

Nanofiltration Membranes Formed through Interfacial Polymerization Involving Cycloalkane Amine Monomer and Trimesoyl Chloride Showing Some Tolerance to Chlorine during Dye Desalination

Optimal Performance of Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration-Like Forward Osmosis Membranes Set Off by Changing the Chemical Structure of Diamine Reacted with Trimesoyl Chloride through Interfacial Polymerization

Towards a High-Flux Separation Layer from Hexagonal Lyotropic Liquid Crystals for Thin-Film Composite Membranes

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