Merkel cell carcinoma of the forehead area: a literature review and case report

Caldarelli, Claudio; Autorino, Umberto; Iaquinta, Caterina; Marchi, Andrea De

doi:10.1007/s10006-019-00793-y

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…El diagnóstico de CCM vulvar generalmente es tardío y al momento del diagnóstico 48% de las pacientes tienen metástasis en ganglios linfáticos regionales y 15% metástasis a distancia (8) . La presentación clínica habitual es tumor nodular firme, de color púrpura-rojo, sin ulceración de la piel que lo recubre.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Para su diagnóstico definitivo se necesita un análisis histopatológico de la lesión. Las pruebas para descartar enfermedad diseminada incluyen pruebas de funcionalismo hepático, ecografía abdominal y tomografía computarizada del tórax, abdomen, pelvis y columna vertebral (4) , ya que estudios post mortem han mostrado presencia de metástasis a ganglios linfáticos pélvicos, hígado y vertebras (8) . Debido a la proximidad de la glándula de Bartoli-no a la piel de la vulva, el carcinoma neuroendocrino primario de la glándula debe considerarse como diagnóstico diferencial (2) .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Las células tumorales del CCM se tiñen positivamente a marcadores como cromogranina, sinaptofisina, enolasa específica de la neurona o CD56. La tinción perinuclear por citoqueratina 20 es la marca que distingue estas neoplasias malignas, ya que más del 90% son citoqueratina 20 positivos, lo cual lo convierte en el marcador característico (8) . Otro marcador de antígeno útil es el factor de transcripción tiroidea, que es positivo en el 90% de los carcinomas neuroendocrinos de pulmón, 34% de vagina y 20% del cuello uterino, pero no en el CCM (10) .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Carcinoma primario de células de Merkel vulvar

Torres-Cepeda

Rondón-Tapía²

2022

Rev peru ginecol obstet.

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Las células de Merkel se describieron originalmente en el estrato basal de la epidermis, con propiedades neuroendocrinas. El carcinoma de células de Merkel de la vulva es una neoplasia extremadamente rara y altamente agresiva. Existen pocos casos de estos tumores, la mayoría de los cuales han sido considerados tumores neuroendocrinos. El origen histológico y la etiología de esta enfermedad son controvertidas. Debido a su rareza en esta localización, no está claro si se comporta de manera diferente a los carcinomas de piel similares en otras localizaciones. Se presenta un caso de carcinoma primario de células de Merkel vulvar. El examen de biopsia por escisión reveló una tumoración de 4 x 3 centímetros en el tercio posterior del labio mayor izquierdo de la vulva sin afectación de los ganglios linfáticos. La paciente fue sometida a vulvectomía radical y disección bilateral de ganglios linfáticos inguinales. La evaluación histológica postoperatoria no mostró metástasis regionales ni distantes.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

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Carcinoma primario de células de Merkel vulvar

Torres-Cepeda

Rondón-Tapía²

2022

Rev peru ginecol obstet.

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“…Of note, three cohort studies reported on the comparison SRS plus surgery versus SRS alone 110,140,144 and one reported on SRS plus surgery versus radiation. 83 Johnson et al reported a trend for improved survival in the resection group, 110 Rades et al found no difference in overall survival rates but better intracranial control rates in the SRS plus surgery group, 144 and Prabhu et al found longer survival and better local recurrence control in the combination group. 140 The studies could not be combined for effectiveness outcomes but they contribute to KQ4 analyses.…”

Section: Srs Plus Surgery Versus Srs Alone or Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Therapy for Brain Metasases

Garsa¹,

Jang²,

Baxi³

et al. 2021

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Objective. This evidence report synthesizes the available evidence on radiation therapy for brain metastases. Data sources. We searched PubMed®, Embase®, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL®, clinicaltrials.gov, and published guidelines in July 2020; assessed independently submitted data; consulted with experts; and contacted authors. Review methods. The protocol was informed by Key Informants. The systematic review was supported by a Technical Expert Panel and is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020168260). Two reviewers independently screened citations; data were abstracted by one reviewer and checked by an experienced reviewer. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and large observational studies (for safety assessments), evaluating whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone or in combination, as initial or postoperative treatment, with or without systemic therapy for adults with brain metastases due to non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, or melanoma. Results. In total, 97 studies, reported in 190 publications, were identified, but the number of analyses was limited due to different intervention and comparator combinations as well as insufficient reporting of outcome data. Risk of bias varied; 25 trials were terminated early, predominantly due to poor accrual. Most studies evaluated WBRT, alone or in combination with SRS, as initial treatment; 10 RCTs reported on post-surgical interventions. The combination treatment SRS plus WBRT compared to SRS alone or WBRT alone showed no statistically significant difference in overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.09; confidence interval [CI], 0.69 to 1.73; 4 RCTs; low strength of evidence [SoE]) or death due to brain metastases (relative risk [RR], 0.93; CI, 0.48 to 1.81; 3 RCTs; low SoE). Radiation therapy after surgery did not improve overall survival compared with surgery alone (HR, 0.98; CI, 0.76 to 1.26; 5 RCTs; moderate SoE). Data for quality of life, functional status, and cognitive effects were insufficient to determine effects of WBRT, SRS, or post-surgical interventions. We did not find systematic differences across interventions in serious adverse events radiation necrosis, fatigue, or seizures (all low or moderate SoE). WBRT plus systemic therapy (RR, 1.44; CI, 1.03 to 2.00; 14 studies; moderate SoE) was associated with increased risks for vomiting compared to WBRT alone. Conclusion. Despite the substantial research literature on radiation therapy, comparative effectiveness information is limited. There is a need for more data on patient-relevant outcomes such as quality of life, functional status, and cognitive effects.

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“…In this way, knowing that aging, as well as photoaging, influences the response of skin to RT, age of the patients must be taken into account [41], as well as skin phototype which was shown to influence the response to RT [42]. MCC is located principally in the head/neck (48-53%) and extremities (34-35%) [43,44]. Current treatments are mainly surgery, RT and more recently immunotherapy with the use of Avelumab which showed high efficiency against metastatic MCC [45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Possibility of Using Genotoxicity, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Blood Biomarkers to Predict the Occurrence of Late Cutaneous Side Effects after Radiotherapy

et al. 2020

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Despite the progresses performed in the field of radiotherapy, toxicity to the healthy tissues remains a major limiting factor. The aim of this work was to highlight blood biomarkers whose variations could predict the occurrence of late cutaneous side effects. Two groups of nine patients treated for Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) were established according to the grade of late skin toxicity after adjuvant irradiation for MCC: grade 0, 1 or 2 and grade 3 or 4 of RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group)/EORTC (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer). To try to discriminate these 2 groups, biomarkers of interest were measured on the different blood compartments after ex vivo irradiation. In lymphocytes, cell cycle, apoptosis and genotoxicity were studied. Oxidative stress was evaluated by the determination of the erythrocyte antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced and oxidized glutathione) as well as degradation products (protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation). Inflammation was assessed in the plasma by the measurement of 14 cytokines. The most radiosensitive patients presented a decrease in apoptosis, micronucleus frequency, antioxidant enzyme activities, glutathione and carbonyls; and an increase in TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor α), IL-8 (Interleukin 8) and TGF-β1 (Transforming Growth Factor β1) levels. These findings have to be confirmed on a higher number of patients and before radiotherapy and could allow to predict the occurrence of late skin side effects after radiotherapy.

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Merkel cell carcinoma of the forehead area: a literature review and case report

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Carcinoma primario de células de Merkel vulvar

Carcinoma primario de células de Merkel vulvar

Radiation Therapy for Brain Metasases

The Possibility of Using Genotoxicity, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Blood Biomarkers to Predict the Occurrence of Late Cutaneous Side Effects after Radiotherapy

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