MERS-CoV Antibodies in Humans, Africa, 2013–2014

Liljander, Anne; Meyer, Benjamin; Jores, Joerg; Müller, Marcel A.; Lattwein, Erik; Njeru, Ian; Bett, B; Drosten, Christian; Corman, Victor M.

doi:10.3201/eid2206.160064

Cited by 56 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Extension of serosurveys among the human population would help in furthering understanding of the extent of levels of MERS-CoV infection in Africa. In one study use of ELISA, IFA and ppNT showed that there was evidence for unrecorded cases of human MERS-CoV in Kenya, similar to previous reports in KSA (Liljander et al, 2016;Müller et al, 2015).…”

Section: Camelssupporting

confidence: 77%

MERS coronavirus outbreak: Implications for emerging viral infections

Al‐Omari

Rabaan

Salih

et al. 2019

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease

122

108

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Section: Camelssupporting

confidence: 77%

MERS coronavirus outbreak: Implications for emerging viral infections

Al‐Omari

Rabaan

Salih

et al. 2019

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease

122

108

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“…17 A study of humans in Kenya detected MERS-CoV neutralizing antibodies in persons living in rural areas, although no human MERS cases have been detected yet. 18 The primary source of human MERS-CoV infections remains unknown. There are no definitive data on the epidemiologic link between human MERS-CoV infections and bats.…”

Section: Source Of Primary Human Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Cormentioning

confidence: 99%

The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)

Azhar

Hui

Memish

et al. 2019

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America

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241

208

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KEYWORDS Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus MERS-CoV Epidemiology diagnosis Treatment KEY POINTSThe Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a novel lethal zoonotic disease of humans endemic to The Middle East, caused by the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Humans are thought to acquire MERS-CoV though contact with camels or camel products. MERS carries a 35% mortality rate. There is no specific treatment for MERS. Person-toperson spread causes hospital and household outbreaks of MERS-CoV. Millions of visitors travel to Saudi Arabia each year from across the world, thus watchful surveillance and a high degree of clinical awareness and early diagnosis with rapid implementation of infection control measures in returning travelers is important.Infect Dis Clin N Am 33 (2019) 891-905

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“…Similarly, a study from Qatar showed that 0.21% of the general population were seropositive by ELISA screening of 4719 blood donors however the presence of nAbs was only confirmed in one blood donor (0.02%) [29]. Interestingly, despite the high prevalence of MERS-CoV in camels from different countries such as Kenya, Nigeria, Egypt and Pakistan, confirmed evidence of MERS cases among humans is very limited in these countries except for two seropositive camel handlers in Kenya [10][11][12][13][14]30]. Such data clearly suggest that unknown asymptomatic and subclinical MERS infections or even unrecognized cases might in fact exist in the general population and could represent an underappreciated source of human-to-human transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of MERS-CoV in healthy adults in western Saudi Arabia, 2011–2016

Degnah

Alamri

Hassan

et al. 2020

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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a b s t r a c tBackground: The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a newly recognized zoonotic coronavirus. Current evidence confirms the role of dromedaries in primary human infections but does not explain the sporadic community cases. However, asymptomatic or subclinical cases could represent a possible source of infection in the community. Methods: Archived human sera (7461) collected between 2011 and 2016 from healthy adult blood donors from 50 different nationalities in the western part of Saudi Arabia were obtained for MERS-CoV seroprevalence investigation. Samples were tested for MERS-CoV S1-specific antibodies (Abs) by ELISA and confirmed by testing for neutralizing Abs (nAbs) using both pseudotyped and live virus neutralization assays. Results: Out of 7461 samples, 174 sera from individuals with 18 different nationalities were ELISA positive (2.3%, 95% CI 2.0-2.7). Presence of nAbs was confirmed in 17 samples (0.23%, 95% CI 0.1-0.4) of which one sample exhibited positivity in both neutralization assays. Confirmed seropositivity was identified in young (15-44 years) men and women from Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Yemen, Pakistan, Palestine, Sudan, and India without significant preference. Conclusions: An increasing trend of MERS-CoV seroprevalence was observed in the general population in western Saudi Arabia, suggesting that asymptomatic or mild infections might exist and act as an unrecognized source of infection. Seropositivity of individuals from different nationalities underscores the potential MERS exportation outside of the Arabian Peninsula. Thus, enhanced and continuous surveillance is highly warranted. Statistical analysisYates corrected two-tail Chi 2 ( 2 ) test, Fisher's exact tests, and 95% Mid-P Exact confidence limits (95% Cls) were calculated using OpenEpi (Open

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MERS-CoV Antibodies in Humans, Africa, 2013–2014

Cited by 56 publications

References 14 publications

MERS coronavirus outbreak: Implications for emerging viral infections

MERS coronavirus outbreak: Implications for emerging viral infections

The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)

Seroprevalence of MERS-CoV in healthy adults in western Saudi Arabia, 2011–2016

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