Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the orbit: imaging features of CT and MRI

Tsuchiya, Masaharu; Masui, Takayuki; Otsuki, Yoshiro; Sakahara, Harumi

doi:10.1259/bjr.20170579

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The list of our own and published lesions appears in Table 2. 2–99 Published cases of 4 of the listed diagnoses were not reviewed because there is a significant literature on these already (sickle cell crisis with sphenoid infarction, tuberculosis of orbital bone, sphenoid bone dysplasia in NF1, and fibrous dysplasia of bone). During the same period as these new cases were collected from our practices, 97 cases (21 males) of spheno-orbital meningioma were encountered by us.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spheno-orbital Lesions—A Major Review of Nonmeningioma Causes

McNab

Jones

Hardy

2021

Ophthalmic Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Purpose: To review the imaging features of the broad range of nonmeningioma lesions of the greater wing of the sphenoid (GWS) bone and adjacent orbit to assist clinicians in differentiating these lesions from each other and from the most common lesion of the GWS and adjacent orbit, meningioma. Methods: We reviewed 32 cases of spheno-orbital lesions involving the GWS from our own practice, as well as 109 published cases (total 141), with emphasis on available imaging features on computerized tomography (CT) and MRI. Features that might assist in differentiating meningioma from its mimics were analyzed for each lesion, including the presence of an osteoblastic or hyperostotic response, bone erosion or osteolysis, homogeneous hypo- or hyperintensity on T2-weighted MRI, leptomeningeal involvement, and the absence of a “dural tail” on contrast-enhanced MRI. The clinical and imaging features were also briefly summarized for each diagnostic group. Results: The largest diagnostic group was metastasis (67 cases, 47.5%). The most useful imaging features that helped differentiate meningioma from its mimics were the presence of bone erosion and the absence of a “dural tail.” Other features were helpful in a small minority of cases only. Metastatic prostate cancer was the largest single group (21 cases), and 18 (85.7%) of these were osteoblastic and most closely mimicked meningioma. Prostate cancer patients were generally older than males with GWS meningioma. Almost all other (44/46, or 95.7%) metastatic lesions showed evidence of bone erosion. Almost half (30 of 61, 49.2%) of patients with metastasis presented without a known diagnosis of malignancy. Among children 16 years of age and less, Langerhans cell histiocytosis (10 cases), dermoid cyst (5), and Ewing’s sarcoma (5) were the most common diagnoses. Conclusions: A combination of a careful history and both CT and MRI gives information, which can best guide the management of patients with spheno-orbital lesions. Metastatic prostate cancer to the GWS most closely mimics GWS meningioma but can in most cases be differentiated on clinical and imaging features. Older males with hyperostotic lesions of the GWS should be investigated for prostate cancer. Other metastatic lesions and primary tumors of the GWS, as well as benign and structural lesions can readily be differentiated from meningioma on clinical and imaging features.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We identified 2 cases involving the GWS. 25,26 Calcification within the mass is common, and microscopically new bone formation occurs, but this is not in a pattern of hyperostosis of the GWS, which is eroded, but within the soft tissue component of the lesion.…”

Section: Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spheno-orbital Lesions—A Major Review of Nonmeningioma Causes

McNab

Jones

Hardy

2021

Ophthalmic Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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“…Most patients [1–3,5–10,12] with renal MC have flank pain, gross hematuria, or high fever, and the minority complained of symptoms caused by metastatic lesions [13]. Extraskeletal MC has a strong tendency toward recurrence and late metastases [4,16,18], thereby affecting survival negatively [14,16]. The most potential metastatic foci are lung, followed by skeleton and lymph nodes [3,5,9,10,13,19] (the fifth one was our case)/13 and 3 [1,3] (the third one was our case)/13 cases in Table 2 had metastasized to lung and bone, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of calcification, the key to an imaging diagnosis of MC [18], was observed in up to 67% of the chondrosarcoma cases according to CT scans [20]. The difference in the peripheral distribution and central distribution of the calcification on CT scans has been reported in several studies [17,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robot-assisted radical nephrectomy for primary renal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: case report and literature review

et al. 2019

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“…Пухлина часто дуже велика, зі значними позакістковими компонентами [3]. На КТ-сканах видно мінералізацію хондроїду, через що ураження може виглядати надто кальцифікованим, але частіше -кальцифікацію з «дрібною точкою» [80]. На МРТ-зображеннях мезенхімальні ХС мають іншу картину посилення контрасту, ніж звичайні ХС; часто відсутні дифузні та типові хондроїдні септальні та периферичні посилення.…”

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Chondrosarcoma in the Xxi Century

Vyrva¹

2023

OTP

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Chondrosarcoma (CHS) is a rare oncopathology, is the third most common primary bone tumor after multiple myeloma and osteosarcoma. It accounts for about 25 % of the total number of bone sarcomas. CHS mainly affects adults and occurs more often in people older than 40 years, in children and adolescents it is less than 5 % of all cases of primary CHS. The most common CHS sites can be any bone containing cartilage, but most often this tumor is found in pelvis, femur and shoulder bones, and ribs. CHS are divided: by origin (primary and secondary), anatomical site (central — inside the bone marrow canal, peripheral — inside the existing osteochondroma, periosteal — on the bone surface), histological degrees GI-GII-GIII. The WHO classification (2020) includes central normal, secondary peripheral, periosteal, dedifferentiated, mesenchymal and clear-cell CHS. More than 90 % of conventional CHS are tumors of low and medium malignancy degree, with a low potential for metastasis. CHS is caused by mutations in genes that control bone growth and development. The main risk factors are the patientʼs age, previous radiation, genetic factors and predisposition to oncological diseases. Diagnosis of CHS is based on a complex algorithm, which involves collecting the patient's complaints, anamnesis, clarifying clinical symptoms, imaging (X-ray, CT, MRI), histopathological picture. The biopsy conclusion is the most important in establishing the final diagnosis. However, there are several tumors whose histological picture is similar to CHS: enchondroma, chondroblastoma, osteosarcoma, giant cell tumor of bone, dedifferentiated liposarcoma, synovial sarcoma. The CHS treatment protocol is determined based on the results of anamnestic data, imaging, histopathological results, CHS classification, and its final tumor subtype. The «gold standard» remains surgical removal of the tumor. Radiation and chemotherapy don’t play a significant role in the treatment of CHS, but require further study. Targeted and immunotherapy have a certain potential, even with a high degree of CHS resistance to traditional chemotherapy.

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Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the orbit: imaging features of CT and MRI

Abstract: MCS of the orbit is a highly malignant tumor, and early diagnosis by imaging is important. Radiologists should be aware of the imaging features of MCS of the orbit.

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Spheno-orbital Lesions—A Major Review of Nonmeningioma Causes

Spheno-orbital Lesions—A Major Review of Nonmeningioma Causes

Robot-assisted radical nephrectomy for primary renal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: case report and literature review

Chondrosarcoma in the Xxi Century

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