Mesenchymal stem cells and their use in therapy: What has been achieved?

The rational use of animal models in the evaluation of novel bone regenerative therapies

“…Although most studies were conducted with bone marrow derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs), other tissues have been described to contain osteoprogenitor cells with similar regenerative potential including adipose tissue, muscle, umbilical cord blood, periosteum, dental pulp and periodontal ligament [4,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. The multilineage differentiation ability, paracrine effects and immunomodulatory properties of MPCs make them an ideal for tissue engineering and regenerative purposes [5,7,[46][47][48]. Under appropriate conditions MPCs could be differentiated into a variety of mesenchymal tissues such as bone, cartilage, tendon, ligament, marrow stroma, muscle, fat and dermis [4,[49][50][51][52][53].…”

Gelatin Directly Enhances Neurogenic Differentiation Potential in Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Without Stimulation of Neural Progenitor Cell Proliferation

“…Therefore, they have received lots of attention as a novel therapeutic tool in regenerative medicine through adjustment to various cell therapies (Fernández Vallone et al, 2013;Wei et al, 2013). Particularly, neurogenic differentiation of MSCs has been attracted as the only method for fundamentally treating neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease (Kitada and Dezawa, 2012;Turgeman, 2015), and the possibility of MSC-based therapies in regenerating impaired neuronal tissue (Uccelli et al, 2011;Laroni et al, 2015) and preventing or suppressing generation of neurodegenerative diseases (Laroni et al, 2015;Turgeman, 2015) has been identified.…”

Preformed gelatin microcryogels as injectable cell carriers for enhanced skin wound healing

“…A great number of pre-clinical and clinical trials have been on the run for adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) [13,14]. However, low cell engraftment in the lesion has always been a major disadvantage of all kinds of therapeutic application based on administration of free cell suspension [4,15,16].…”