Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Renotropic, Helping to Repair the Kidney and Improve Function in Acute Renal Failure

Abstract

Abstract. Injury to a target organ can be sensed by bone marrow stem cells that migrate to the site of damage, undergo differentiation, and promote structural and functional repair. This remarkable stem cell capacity prompted an investigation of the potential of mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells to cure acute renal failure. The model of renal injury induced in mice by the anticancer agent cisplatin was chosen.

Inside Lab Invest

“…The key variable in all of these experiments was the culture conditions. Unlike the experiments of Tang et al, 1 …”

“…For example, it is well recognized that integrity of the wall, or barrier, formed by the epithelium is compromised in patients with IBD, as well as a subset of their healthy first-degree relatives. 1 In CD patients whose disease is in remission, compromised barrier function may even predict disease relapse. Thus, compromised intestinal barrier function may have an important primary role in disease pathogenesis.…”

“…1 As the embryology of the hepatopancreatic cell layer is an early ontologic event, switching on of a 'master' pancreas gene, Pdx1, through gene therapy provided the potential for generating pancreatic cells from adult tissue. In the current issue, Seeberger et al 2 (p. 141) isolated mesenchymal stem cells from the pancreas itself, to explore their plasticity and potential for growth into useful cell types.…”

“…Like astrophysicists seeking the origin(s) of the universe, we must look ever earlier in the cancerous sequence. Such an opportunity has arisen through an elegant series of articles by Czerniak et al published previously in these pages, [1][2][3] in which whole-organ mapping of bladder urothelial dysplasia is performed. This has included: establishing whole-organ mapping of the histology and molecular features of bladder preneoplasia as a valid experimental technique, comprehensive analysis of gene expression patterns along the papillary and nonpapillary pathways of bladder neoplasia, and identification of chromosomal regions 13q14 and 17p13 as containing the key tumor suppressor gene loci RB1 and p53, respectively.…”

Differentiation and Transplantation of Functional Pancreatic Beta Cells Generated from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from a Type 1 Diabetes Mouse Model

“…Although embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have been reported to differentiate into pancreatic beta-like insulin-producing cells [9,10], cells derived from immunologically unmatched ESCs could be the targets of both allograft reactions and the autoimmune response, resulting in cell destruction. In the case of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are self-renewable multipotent progenitor cells [11], profound immunomodulatory effect was reported both in vitro and in vivo and a variety of clinical trials were conducted in aiming at reducing the burden of immune-mediated disease [12,13]. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory effects of MSC remain largely unknown and their immunogenicity following transplantation into allogeneic recipients is unclear [14,15].…”