Mesoporous and adsorptive properties of palm date seed activated carbon prepared via sequential hydrothermal carbonization and sodium hydroxide activation

Islam, Md. Azharul; Tan, I.A.W.; Benhouria, A.; Asif, Mohammad; Hameed, B.H.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2015.01.058

Cited by 180 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Similar results were reported for MB adsorption by various adsorbents, such as palm date seed activated carbon (Islam et al 2015), poly dopamine microspheres (Fu et al 2015), and anaerobic granular sludge-based biochar (Shi et al 2014). …”

Section: Kinetic Modelssupporting

confidence: 83%

Adsorption of Methylene Blue by an Efficient Activated Carbon Prepared from Citrullus lanatus Rind: Kinetic, Isotherm, Thermodynamic, and Mechanism Analysis

Üner

Geçgel

Bayrak

2016

Water Air Soil Pollut

120

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By using the activated carbon obtained from Citrullus lanatus rind by zinc chloride activation, methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solutions was studied, and the adsorption mechanism was solved through Weber-Morris intraparticle diffusion model, Bangham model, Boyd model, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of adsorption parameters (adsorbent concentration, temperature, initial dye concentration, and pH) were investigated. The equilibrium data of MB adsorption were described by applying the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. The obtained results from adsorption isotherms indicated that Langmuir model is the bestfitted model with the maximum adsorption capacities of 231.48, 243.90, 244.50, and 259.74 mg/g at 25, 35, 45, and 55°C, respectively. The analysis of the kinetic data by pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Elovich models displayed that MB adsorption followed pseudo-second-order model. Also, the date obtained from intraparticle diffusion model, Bangham model, and Boyd model presented that intraparticle diffusion, pore diffusion, and film diffusion played significant role in MB adsorption. The thermodynamic studies demonstrated that MB adsorption onto the activated carbon obtained from C. lanatus rind was physical, spontaneous, feasible, and endothermic. Thus, the activated carbon prepared from C. lanatus rind has been an efficient adsorbent for MB removal from an aqueous solution.

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Section: Kinetic Modelssupporting

confidence: 83%

Adsorption of Methylene Blue by an Efficient Activated Carbon Prepared from Citrullus lanatus Rind: Kinetic, Isotherm, Thermodynamic, and Mechanism Analysis

Üner

Geçgel

Bayrak

2016

Water Air Soil Pollut

120

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“…It is generally believed that the KOH activation process of any carbon material enhances the pore structure and morphology with a substantial increase in specific surface area [14]. [18] -614 Orange peel [19] CO 2 618 Glucose [20] KOH 1197 Palm date seed [21] NaOH 1282 Desert shrub [22] ZnCl 2 1296 Rice husk [23] H 3 PO 4 1498 Hazelnut shell [24] KOH 1700 Glucose [25] KOH 1704 Sucrose [26] H 3 PO 4 2120 Glucose [26] NaOH 2129 Starch [27] KOH 2190 Rye straw [28] KOH 2200 Eucalyptus sawdust [29] KOH 2252 Corncobs [30] KOH 2300 Hemp bast fiber (this study) KOH 2425 Figure 1 provides the N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms at −196 • C and pore size distributions of HAC, where HACs were prepared using different biochar-to-KOH ratios at a synthesis temperature of 390 • C. All the adsorption-desorption isotherms exhibit a type IV isotherm with a type IV hysteresis loop (according to IUPAC classification) in the relative pressure range from 0.4 to 1.0. Type IV isotherms are an indication of the existence of well-developed mesopores in the structure, whereas a type IV hysteresis loop indicates the formation of asymmetric, slit-shaped mesopores, attributable to rapid gas evolution and open channels [31].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Surface-Area Mesoporous Activated Carbon from Hemp Bast Fiber Using Hydrothermal Processing

Hossain

et al. 2018

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Synthesis of activated carbon from waste biomass is of current interest towards sustainability. The properties of biomass-derived activated carbon largely depend on the carbonization process. This study reports the preparation of mesoporous activated carbon with extremely high surface area from hemp bast fiber using hydrothermal processing. Hot water processing (390-500 • C) followed by activation using KOH and NaOH was investigated at different mass ratios. The described approach was found to enhance the mesoporosity (centered at 3.0 to 4.5 nm) of the hemp-derived activated carbon (HAC) from activation [confirmed by BJH (Barrett-Joyner-Halenda) pore size distribution and TEM (transmission electron microscopy) imaging]. BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) results showed that the product has an extremely high surface area (2425 m 2 /g) while the surface functional groups (-OH, -COOH, C=C/C-C) were confirmed by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and further quantified by XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). Increasing KOH concentration was found to enhance the surface area with a maximum biochar-to-KOH (g/g) ratio of 1:3. The crystallite domain size of HAC was determined using Raman spectroscopy of different wavelengths. The procedure described in this study is an environmentally friendly scalable route for the mass production of activated carbon using hemp fiber.

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“…Activated carbons are extensively used as adsorbent, catalyst, catalyst carrier, gas or electric energy storage, electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) electrode material, in the fields of food, medicine, chemical industry, and environmental protection [6]. Actually, almost any carbonaceous material can be converted into activated carbon, and the preparation methods of ACs were predominately includes carbonization and activation [7][8][9]. Generally, the raw materials of ACs can be roughly divided into two categories of plants and minerals according to the sources [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Activated Carbons from Waste External Thermal-Insulating Phenolic Foam Boards

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Activated carbons (ACs) were prepared by steam physical activation or KOH chemical activation with the waste external thermal-insulating phenolic foam board as the raw material. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific area, pore-size distribution and iodine value were used to characterize the properties of ACs. AC-1(with the method of KOH chemical activation) has the iodine value of 2300mg/g, BET specific area of 1293 m 2 g -1 , average pore-size of 2.4 nm, and mainly composed of micropore and relatively small mesopore. AC-2(with the method of steam physical activation) has the iodine value of 1665mg/g. Compared with AC-2, AC-1 had a pore-size distribution with more evenly and relative concentrated, it's belonging to the high microporosity materials. Actually, chemical activation had more significant influence on destruction of the pore wall than physical activation.

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Mesoporous and adsorptive properties of palm date seed activated carbon prepared via sequential hydrothermal carbonization and sodium hydroxide activation

Cited by 180 publications

References 40 publications

Adsorption of Methylene Blue by an Efficient Activated Carbon Prepared from Citrullus lanatus Rind: Kinetic, Isotherm, Thermodynamic, and Mechanism Analysis

Adsorption of Methylene Blue by an Efficient Activated Carbon Prepared from Citrullus lanatus Rind: Kinetic, Isotherm, Thermodynamic, and Mechanism Analysis

High-Surface-Area Mesoporous Activated Carbon from Hemp Bast Fiber Using Hydrothermal Processing

Preparation of Activated Carbons from Waste External Thermal-Insulating Phenolic Foam Boards

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