Mesoscopic damage model of concrete subjected to freeze-thaw cycles using mercury intrusion porosimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (MIP-DSC)

Li, Ben; Mao, Jize; Nawa, Toyoharu; Han, Tianyi

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.136

Cited by 70 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Figure 7 shows the change in pore size distribution of the BFS-blended paste samples at a water curing age of 2 weeks. In previous studies, the effect of void structure on frost resistance was studied [17,18]. Therefore, it is expected that the void structure changed by carbonation will affect the durability.…”

Section: Dtg Curves Of Calcium Hydroxide and Calcium Carbonatementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Blast-Furnace Slag Replacement Ratio and Curing Method on Pore Structure Change after Carbonation on Cement Paste

Kim

Hama

2020

Materials

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The frost damage resistance of blast-furnace slag (BFS) cement is affected by carbonation. Hence, this study investigates the carbonation properties of pastes incorporating BFS with different replacement ratios, such as 15%, 45%, and 65% by weight, and different curing conditions, including air and carbonation. The BFS replacement ratio properties, determined by the Ca/Si ratio of calcium silicate hydrate in the cement paste sample, were experimentally investigated using mercury intrusion porosimetry, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis. The experimental investigation of the pore structure revealed that total porosity decreased after carbonation. In addition, the porosity decreased at a higher rate as the BFS replacement rate increased. Results obtained from this study show that the chemical change led to the higher replacement rate of BFS, which produced a higher amount of vaterite. In addition, the lower the Ca/Si ratio, the higher the amount of calcium carbonate originating from calcium silicate hydrate rather than from calcium hydroxide. As a result of the pore structure change, the number of ink-bottle pores was remarkably reduced by carbonation. Comparing the pore structure change in air-cured and carbonation test specimens, it was found that as the replacement rate of BFS increased, the number of pores with a diameter of 100 nm or more also increased. The higher the replacement rate of BFS, the higher the amount of calcium carbonate produced compared with the amount of calcium hydroxide produced during water curing. Due to the generation of calcium carbonate and the change in pores, the overall number of pores decreased as the amount of calcium carbonate increased.

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Section: Dtg Curves Of Calcium Hydroxide and Calcium Carbonatementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Blast-Furnace Slag Replacement Ratio and Curing Method on Pore Structure Change after Carbonation on Cement Paste

Kim

Hama

2020

Materials

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“…is means that the small capillary pores occupy a large amount of volume in hardened cement paste. Compared with the peak of NS, the largest peak size of 17 nm by MIP is relatively small due to the "ink-bottle" effect [27,28].…”

Section: Indirect Methods Inmentioning

confidence: 93%

Pore Structure Characterization of Hardened Cement Paste by Multiple Methods

Song¹,

Zhou²,

Bian³

et al. 2019

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Pore structure characterization of hardened cement paste is important to concrete mechanical and transport properties. Hence, we apply indirect methods (NS, MIP, and NMR) and direct methods (XCT, FIB/SEM, and HIM) to provide a general view of the pore structure of hardened cement paste. e results show that the 3D pore network of hardened cement paste is isolated in microscale yet is largely connected by large capillary pores, small capillary pores, and microcracks in nanoscale. In indirect methods, MIP and NMR have a wide measurement range and permit observing most of the porous volume with an average porosity of 8.4-9.9% of hardened cement paste. In contrast, direct methods have a relatively narrow measurement range and thus lead to a large porosity scattering of 1.8-16.4%. e pore size distribution (PSD) curves by indirect methods show that the pore structure is mainly concentrated in three sections of 1-10 nm, 10-100 nm, and around 10 μm, which correspond to the imaging range of HIM, FIB/SEM, and XCT. However, FIB/SEM implies that the most porous part of hardened cement paste (10-100 nm) is underestimated by MIP due to the "ink-bottle" effect. Another "underestimation" of NMR is because C-S-H gels swell during the wetting, and the swelling separates the capillary pores into smaller ones. e microcracks induced by sample preparation contribute 0.1-0.2% (XCT) and 4.5-8.1% (FIB/SEM) of porosity to the porous volume of cement paste, but they have limited influence on the pore size distribution and pore connectivity.

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“…DSC has a wide spectrum of applications ranging from simple heat of fusion evaluation() to advanced material microstructural evolution analyses and complex chemical reaction process identification . The versatility of the DSC is vast and researchers apply it to assess: coal,() cjceass,() waste,() catalysts,() minerals,() cement,() ceramics,() alloys,() and polymers. () Applications include: gasification,() pyrolysis,() combustion,() adsorption,() desorption,() calcination,() dehydration,() thermal stability,() phase transitions,() phase diagrams,() polymer crystallization,() glass transition, curing time, and reaction kinetics …”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Differential scanning calorimetry—DSC

et al. 2018

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Differential calorimetry assesses energy flow between a sample and its environment. The sample may be heated at a known heating rate (either constant or temperature modulated), or held in an isothermal environment or adiabatic environment depending on instrument and experimental design. The subset of differential calorimetry that deals with known heating or cooling rates is termed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and is a foundational technique to modern thermodynamics. It reports the heat flow versus temperature or time from which we calculate specific heat capacity at constant pressure, c P , enthalpy of fusion, and the heat of reaction. Moreover, it identifies how microstuctural properties evolve and thermal arrests-a characteristic of phase transitions. Heat-flux DSCs measure the temperature difference between a reference and a sample that sit on a thin two-dimensional plate. Power compensated DSCs heat reference material and the sample in independent furnaces while maintaining each at the same temperature. The Tian-Calvet DSC is similar to the heat-flux DSC, but minimizes error induced at high temperature with ring shaped thermopiles that surround the reference and the sample and in most designs incorporate the independent furnaces characteristic of heat flux DSC (three-dimensional heat flow probe). Convection and radiation energy leaks compromise accuracy above 600 • C, particularly for pan-style heat flux and power-compensated DSC, which are sensitive to heat transfer by conduction only. The Tian-Calvet DSC maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio by enveloping the sample and reference in the thermopile. Web of Science indexed 11 800 articles in 2016 and 2017 that mentioned DSC and assigned 789 to chemical engineering, which ranks it 5th after polymer science, material science, physical chemistry, and multi-disciplinary chemistry. A bibliometric analysis recognizes four research clusters: polymers and nano-composites, alloys and kinetics, nano-particles and drug delivery, and fibres.

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Mesoscopic damage model of concrete subjected to freeze-thaw cycles using mercury intrusion porosimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (MIP-DSC)

Cited by 70 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Blast-Furnace Slag Replacement Ratio and Curing Method on Pore Structure Change after Carbonation on Cement Paste

Effect of Blast-Furnace Slag Replacement Ratio and Curing Method on Pore Structure Change after Carbonation on Cement Paste

Pore Structure Characterization of Hardened Cement Paste by Multiple Methods

Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Differential scanning calorimetry—DSC

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